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critical Thinking, Ethical Decision Making, And The Nursing Process

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

1. Mrs. Elle, 80 years of age, is a female patient who is diagnosed with end-stage cancer of the small intestine. She is currently receiving comfort measures only in hospice. She has gangrene of her right foot and has a history of diabetes controlled with oral agents. She is confused and the physician has determined that she is unable to make her own informed decisions. The hospice nurse, not realizing that the weekly order for CBC and renal profile had been discontinued, obtained the labs and sent them to the nearby laboratory for processing. The abnormal lab results obtained later that day revealed that the patient needed a blood transfusion. The hospice nurse updated the patient’s medical power of attorney who was distressed at the report. The patient’s wishes were to die peacefully and to not have to undergo an amputation of her right foot. But if the patient receives the blood transfusion, she may live long enough to need the amputation. The patient’s physician had previously informed the medical power of attorney that the patient would most likely not be able to survive the amputation. The patient’s medical power of attorney had made the request to cease all labs so that the patient would receive comfort measures until she died. The patient has no complaint of shortness of breath or discomfort.

What ethical dilemma exists?
Who are the stakeholders and what gains or losses do each have?
What strategies should the hospice nurse take to resolve the ethical dilemma?

2. The nurse receives a 12-year-old girl from the operating room after an emergent appendectomy due to ruptured appendix. Upon arrival to the postanesthesia care unit, the patient is drowsy, but arousable to voice; she was extubated in the operating room and is receiving oxygen by facemask at 40%. She has two peripheral IVs in her left arm that are infusing Lactated Ringers solution at 100 mL/hr. A nasogastric tube is attached to low constant suction, and a small amount of aspirate is noted. She has a urinary catheter that is draining clear, yellow urine. Her abdominal dressing is dry and intact. Upon arousal, she complains of abdominal pain.

What NANDA-approved nursing diagnoses may be relevant to this patient?
Once the nursing diagnoses are determined, what steps does the nurse take to complete the Planning Phase of the Nursing Process?
What is the difference between nursing diagnoses and collaborative problems?

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It is important for a public health professional to show evidence of professional development over time. The professional portfolio is one way to collect and showcase achievements and artifacts or evidence of accomplishments.

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

It is important for a public health professional to show evidence of professional development over time. The professional portfolio is one way to collect and showcase achievements and artifacts or evidence of accomplishments.

For this assignment, you will prepare a professional portfolio that includes the following:

Reflection of Your Practicum Experience

In a 1,000-1,250 words, address the following:

Summarize your practicum experience.
Describe how you have applied theory and/or knowledge from your course work into practice during your practicum experience (provide specific examples).
What are the most important things you have learned from this practicum experience and how will you apply them to your public health career?
How has this experience helped develop professionalism skills, such as networking, team building, communication, and professional competencies in public health? What leadership qualities do you possess and how do you envision applying them to your public health career?
Articulate a personal mission, a set of core values, and vision regarding your role in public health. How will your core values help guide your ethical decision making in public health?
Include two or three scholarly sources to support your narrative.

Sample Practicum Work:

In a second, separate document, submit a sample of your practicum work (e.g., health education materials, reports, presentation)

Cover Letter and Resume:

In a third, separate document, submit a cover letter and resume. Prepare a cover letter and resume for a potential (or actual) position in public health.

APA format is required for essays only. Solid academic writing is expected for all presentation formats, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

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Creating Culturally Competent Health Care Organizations

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

Chapter 9: Creating Culturally Competent Health Care Organizations

1

Defining a Culturally Competent Health Care Organization #1

A culturally competent organization is an organization that provides services that are respectful of and responsive to the cultural and linguistic needs of the clients they serve.

2

Defining a Culturally Competent Health Care Organization #2

Cultural competence includes providing respectful care that is consistent with cultural health beliefs of the clients and family members, with consideration of:

Age, culture, ethnicity, gender, language, race, religion, sexual preference, and socioeconomic status

3

Question #1

Is the following statement true or false?

To be culturally competent, an organization should provide respectful care that is consistent with cultural health beliefs of the clients, family members, and staff.

4

Answer to Question #1

True

Rationale: Humans need care to survive, thrive, and grow. According to Leininger (1996), organizations need to incorporate universal care constructs, including respect and genuine concern for clients and staff.

5

The Need for Culturally Competent Organizations: External Motivations

The need for culturally competent organizations has been recognized by many external agencies, including:

Transcultural Nursing Society (TCNS)

American Nurses Association (ANA)

Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI)

American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE)

The Joint Commission

The Institute of Medicine (IOM)

National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care (CLAS Standards)

6

The Need for Culturally Competent Organizations: Eliminating Health Disparities #1

Racial and ethnic disparities influence unequal health care treatment.

Disparities in health are “differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States” (National Institutes of Health, 2010).

7

The Need for Culturally Competent Organizations: Eliminating Health Disparities #2

Key factors in achieving good health outcomes include:

Access (getting into the health care system)

Quality care (receiving appropriate, safe, and effective health care in a timely manner)

8

Question #2

Which of the following would support Access and Quality of Care issues in eliminating health disparities?

Universal health care

Organizational culture

Joining TCNS

External auditing of health care organizations (e.g., Joint Commission)

Answer to Question #2

B. Organizational culture

Rationale: Organizational culture is one area that may influence both cultural competence and health disparities. Individuals must deliver culturally competent health care that focuses on risk reduction, vulnerability reduction, and promotion and protection of human rights.

10

Assessing Organizational Culture #1

Organizational culture: the goals, norms, values, and practices of an organization in which people have goals and try to achieve them in beneficial ways.

11

Assessing Organizational Culture #2

An organization’s culture:

Consists of shared beliefs, assumptions, perceptions, and norms leading to specific patterns of behaviors

Results from an interaction among many variables including mission, strategy, structure, leadership, and human resource practices

Is self-reinforcing; once in place, it provides stability and changes are resisted by organizational members

12

Assessing Organizational Culture #3

An inclusive workplace is characteristic of a caring organization.

Inclusive workplaces:

Encourage members of the workforce to become active in the community and participate in state and federal programs

Draws staff members who are committed to cultural competence and who value diversity and mutual respect for differences

13

Assessing Organizational Culture #4

Assessment tools:

The Magnet Hospital Recognition Program for Excellence in Nursing Services

Evidence-based practice

Leininger’s culture care model

Andrews’ assessment tool

14

Building Culturally Competent Organizations #1

Specific areas are critical to fostering culturally competent health care organizations:

Governance and administration

Board members, mission/vision/values, budget

Internal evaluation of adherence to cultural competence standards

Availability, accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and appropriateness

15

Building Culturally Competent Organizations #2

Fostering culturally competent health care organizations :

Staff competence

Organizational support, orientation, and ongoing education

Physical environment of care

Assessment of environment and barriers

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Building Culturally Competent Organizations #3

Fostering culturally competent health care organizations (cont.):

Linguistic competence

Complete, accurate, timely, unambiguous, and understood by the patient

Community involvement

Partnerships

Culturally congruent services and programs

Implement effective programs

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Question #3

Is the following statement true or false?

Building culturally competent organizations may result in increased patient satisfaction rates.

18

Answer to Question #3

True

Rationale: Research found that inpatients reported higher satisfaction with hospitals that had greater cultural competency.

19

Overcoming the Barrier of Institutional Racism in Health Care

Institutional racism is defined as differential access to goods, services, and opportunities based on race, including differential access to health insurance.

More often done unintentionally.

Cultural differences must be acknowledged and celebrated.

The strategies outlined build culturally competent health care organizations.

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Professional Development

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

In this Module’s Discussion, you were introduced to the concept of an academic portfolio to begin building your own brand. However, portfolios have value that goes beyond brand building. An academic and professional portfolio can also help you to build your own vision and mission and establish your development goals. In this regard, a portfolio becomes yet another tool in your toolbox as you build your success.

In this Assignment you will continue developing your Academic Success and Professional Development Plan by developing the fifth component–a portfolio for your academic and professional efforts.

To Prepare:

Consider your goals for academic accomplishments while a student of the MSN program.

The Assignment:

Using the Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Template document that you began to work on in Module 1 and have continued expanding throughout this course, you will develop a curriculum vitae (CV) in Part 5 based on your current education and professional background.
Write a statement identifying your professional development goals.
Write a statement proposing how you might align one or more of your professional development goals with the university’s emphasis on social change.

Note:Add your work for this Assignment to the original document you began in the Module 1 Assignment, which was built from theAcademic Success and Professional Development Plan Template.

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Strategies For Academic Portfolios

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

In the realm of marketing, a successful branding strategy is one of the most important contributors to organizational success. A solid branding strategy can help add visibility and credibility to a company’s products.

Similarly, nurse-scholars can build a personal brand to add visibility and credibility to their work. You can begin building your brand by developing and maintaining an academic portfolio. Such an activity can help share the results of your efforts and contribute to your success. This Module’s Discussion asks you to consider and share strategies for building your portfolio.

To Prepare:

Reflect on strategies that you can pursue in developing portfolios or portfolio elements that focus on academic achievements.
Review one or more samples from your own research of resources focused on portfolio development.

Post an explanation of at least two strategies for including academic activities and accomplishments into your professional portfolio.

3 to 4 reference

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CHECK ASSIGNMENT ATTACHED IF SOMETHING IS WRONG CORRECT IT.

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

Owing to the increasing rates of hospital readmissions arising from poor transitional care it is essential to implement a program that will see to it that the current challenges facing transitional care are addressed and that there is an increase in specialized nursing to help foster the provision of transitional care. Currently, the health care committee has proposed a number of interventions that need to be implemented by the project manager to see the improvement of transition care, especially in relation to dealing with elderly patients (Morphet et. al., 2014). Some of these interventions that have been proven to result in the reduction of patient readmission rates among them patient needs assessment, patient education, medication reconciliation, timely outpatient appointment as well as the provision of telephone follow-up services (Morphet et. al., 2014).It is essential that once the patients are discharged from hospitals that they continue to receive enhanced communication, medication safety and that their caregivers receive advanced care planning and training on how to best manage the associated common medical conditions (Ortiz, 2019). As a result of the currently proposed interventions, the project aims to target the challenges on transition care by defining the role of home-based services, the significance of caregiver support, community partnerships and the importance of new transitional care personnel (Ortiz, 2019). The project manager has gone as far as proposing the time frame that it will take to see the realization of the effects of the project, a practical budget as well as the resources and tools that will be used in the project to see the successful realization of the transitional care program.

The Time Frame of the Project

ACTIVITIES	TIMELINE
Ascertaining the current state of Transitional Care in Hospitals (Patients Admissions, Level of Communication and Coordination among the Nurses, Level of Interaction between the Healthcare providers and the Nurses)	6 months
Ascertaining the Level of Nursing Expertise in Hospitals (Level of Education and Expertise of the Nurses)	6 Months
Making Home Visits to the Patients to Ascertain the Level of Expertise of the Caregivers	6 Months
Consolidation of the Collected Results	6 Months

The enactment of the transitional care program includes the inclusion of a defined timeline on how the different roles will be attained. Going by the evaluations by the project manager, the planned timeline that it will take to achieve concrete improvements includes having six scheduled visits to the hospitals for two years. The two-year time frame includes a close working relationship with elderly patients, health care providers, as well as the patient caregivers, all of whom are key stakeholders in the transitional care process. The first six months of the proposed time frame will include the use of the observation method to ascertain the current state of transitional care in the hospitals. In this time frame, notes will be taken on how the parents are received in the hospitals, their admission to the emergency departments, the communication and coordination of the nurses when dealing with the elderly patients, as well as the level of interaction between the caregivers and the health care providers in the event that the patients are released from hospitals.

The second half of the first year will be solely used to ascertain the level of nursing expertise in regards to transitional care. Past studies, as well as the Masters’ Essentials, have ascertained that the use of unspecialized nurses remains to be one of the key challenges facing the provision of health care services. Additionally, previous observations and studies have established that there remains to be a significant difference in the provision of services given by masters-level nurses and those below the master’s level unit. Hence, the six-month-time-frame will be used to interact with the nurses providing transitional care, to determine their level of education and training as well as their experience when it comes to the provision of transitional care. Additionally, the observation method will come in handy to observe the differences in the provision of services by both the specialized and unspecialized nurses.

The next six months of the second year will be used to make visits to the patient homes, to determine the level of expertise held by the caregivers in relation to caring for the patients as soon as they are discharged from the hospitals. The key activities in this allocated time will involve holding conversations as well as interviews with the caregivers to ascertain their level of preparedness, education, and expertise in relation to taking care of the patients as a means to reduce the high rates of hospital readmissions. Additionally, the time frame will be used to observe how the patients respond to the care provided by their caregivers, as well as their level of comfort and how fast their get back to their health as soon as they are discharged.

The last six months of the allocated time-frame will be used to consolidate the different results collected and to revisit areas with inadequate information as a means to eliminate any existing biases or inconsistencies in the results. Therefore, the allocated two-year time-frame for the project will be adequate to see to it that all the existing challenges in transitional care are adequately addressed.

Budget for the Project

For the proposed activities to be accomplished in the allocated time, a budget will be put in place to ensure that all the activities are tackled within the proposed budget and that the total costs do not exceed the existing working revenues. The project manager has proposed a working budget of $9000, and below are the key expenses that will be incurred throughout the project:

1. Employee Compensation ($4000) – Collection of data from the patients, health care providers as well as the caregivers will involve working with a team of about ten members all of whom will have to be compensated through the provision of wages as well as other benefits and incentives.

2. Contract Services ($1500) -The project will involve frequent outsourcing of different health care providers who will be compensated by means of part-time wages whenever their consultancy services are called upon.

3. Equipment/Supplies ($1000) – To facilitate the activities of the project a number of office equipment/supplies will be required among them office supplies, postage, computer supplies, consumables, equipment repair and maintenance, office equipment among other supplies.

4. Travel/Related Expenses ($1500) – For the related activities to be carried out travelling is inevitable, and hence with $1000, the program manager is certain that all travelling expenses among them air travel, out of town expenses, daily parking, mileage expenses among others will be well catered for.

5. Overhead/Indirect Costs ($1000)- Lastly, there will be a $1000 allocation budget to ensure that all overhead expenses (indirect costs) are catered for hence allowing for the project to cater for administrative as well as daily operations costs.

Resources/Tool Required for the Project

For the project to be successful different resources and tools will be required in ensuring that all the stakeholders effectively take part in the project. The key resources include patient/family materials, hospital models, as well as key personnel who will be involved in running the project.

Patient/Family Resources

a. Family Discharge Planning Checklist

This is a tool that provides patients and caregivers with a list of questions that should be answered prior to the patient discharging process (Ortiz, 2019).

b. Next Step in Care

This is a website that provides caregiver resources and checklists, ensuring that caregivers are aware of how to take care of the patients before they are discharged from hospitals (Ortiz, 2019).

c. Patient PASS: A Transition Record

This is a document that includes patient requirements that will result in the safe transitions of the patients from the hospitals to their homes (Storm et. al., 2014).

d. Personal Health Record

This is a patient health record information that includes a checklist of all the activities that patients must do to manage their care better (Storm et. al., 2014).

e. Patient Discharge Planning Checklist

This is a resource that includes a patient checklist where patients and caregivers respond to different questions before they are discharged from the hospitals. Some of these questions include patient care needs, options for continued care, community-based resources, and post-discharge care instructions (Storm et. al., 2014).

The above mentioned resources will play a key role in the project, as they are targeted towards improving transitional care by ensuring that all the involved stakeholders use key documentation in the transitional process thus ensuring that the patients are in safe hands as soon as they discharged and that the caregivers are well educated on how to deal with the patients as a means to reduce instances of hospital readmissions.

References

Morphet, J., Griffiths, D. L., Innes, K., Crawford, K., Crow, S., & Williams, A. (2014). Shortfalls in residents’ transfer documentation: Challenges for emergency department staff. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal, 17(3), 98-105.

Ortiz, M. R. (2019). Transitional Care: Nursing Knowledge and Policy Implications. Nursing science quarterly, 32(1), 73-77.

Storm, M., Siemsen, I. M., Laugaland, K., Dyrstad, D., & Aase, K. (2014). Quality in transitional care of the elderly: Key challenges and relevant improvement measures. International journal of integrated care, 14(2).

Ye, Z. J., Liu, M. L., Cai, R. Q., Zhong, M. X., Huang, H., Liang, M. Z., & Quan, X. M. (2016). Development of the Transitional Care Model for nursing care in Mainland China: A literature review. International journal of nursing sciences, 3(1), 113-130.

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Sepsis And Its Management And Treatment In The Pre-Hospital Setting

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

These are the instructions:

Sources of information may include journals, textbooks, Internet information (must be scholarly or government sites; no wikipedia), research documents, personal interviews (experts), or other appropriate reference material.

Nearly all subjects, even clinical topics will often involve some type of controversy. You are to present all sides (pro and con) and weigh in with your opinion. Your opinion, however, must be supported by facts.

You will need to prepare a research paper that includes a minimum of 6-pages, 10-12-pt font, 1-inch margins, that is typed and double-spaced. Please limit your papers to no more than 10-pages. Included in your paper is to be a cover page and a bibliography of your sources (pages not included in minimum). APA is the preferred method for citations (APA, 6th edition). Your paper should be organized by the following large sections: Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Discussion, and Conclusion. In addition to content, format, logical organization of ideas, grammar and spelling counts

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Search the GCU Library and find two new health care articles that use quantitative research. Do not use articles from a previous assignment, or articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook.

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

Search the GCU Library and find two new health care articles that use quantitative research. Do not use articles from a previous assignment, or articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook.

Complete an article analysis for each using the “Article Analysis: Part 2” template.

Refer to the “Patient Preference and Satisfaction in Hospital-at-Home and Usual Hospital Care for COPD Exacerbations: Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial,” in conjunction with the “Article Analysis Example 2,” for an example of an article analysis.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

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Windshield Survey

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

Conduct a windshield survey to identify a population and its primary health concern. Develop a 3–5-page report that explains demographic changes for a population and describes the health disparities and social determinants of health that can affect the population.

Note: The assessments in this course build upon each other. You are strongly encouraged to complete them in sequence.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Explain the principles and concepts of disease prevention and health promotion for diverse and vulnerable populations.
- Describe a vulnerable or diverse population living within a neighborhood or community.
- Describe disease prevention and health promotion for a vulnerable or diverse population.
Competency 4: Examine the ethical, legal, and economic factors related to health disparities in diverse and vulnerable populations.
- Identify health disparities and social determinants of health that can affect a vulnerable or diverse population.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for members of the health care professions.
- Describe the overall condition of a neighborhood or community.
- Write content clearly and logically, with correct use of grammar, punctuation, APA formatting, and mechanics.

As the population of the United States grows more diverse, the health care workforce must increase awareness of cultural differences and the overall shift in the demographics of the entire population. To provide high-quality health care to a community or population, health workers and educators must be competent in their understanding of the relevant characteristics of its ethnic or cultural groups. The ability of nurses to deliver high-quality care to a diverse population will influence health prevention and the treatment of illness.

Windshield Surveys

A windshield survey helps you create a portrait of the people who live within a specific neighborhood or community. This is an inexpensive, time-efficient way to assess and better understand a community and the people who live within that community. Understanding the demographics of a community will help you determine the kinds of health-related issues that are likely to exist, so you can plan the most appropriate types of wellness programs, health education, and disease prevention

Preparation

Over the past few years, leadership for the health care organization for which you work has noticed a distinct change in the population served by the organization. Leadership wants to make sure they are addressing the needs of this population. You have been asked to participate on an interdisciplinary team that is charged with learning how the population has changed and what needs to be done within the organization to develop a wellness education program that will target the needs and concerns of the population. Your first step in this process is to conduct a windshield survey and report your findings back to your team.

A windshield survey is an inexpensive, time-efficient way to assess and better understand a community and the people who live within that community. Understanding the demographics of a community will help you determine the health-related issues that are likely to exist so you can plan the most appropriate types of wellness programs, health education, and disease prevention programs. Windshield surveys are done by making visual observations of a neighborhood or community while driving; hence the name. This type of survey lets you observe the housing conditions, use of open spaces, shopping, schools, types of transportation, human services, protective services, and other aspects of the overall daily life of a community.

Before you start, you need to identify the boundaries of the neighborhood or community you plan to observe. For the purposes of this course, you should keep the size of the area to no more than 2–3 square miles. The area should be large enough for you to gather relevant information, but small enough that your observation does not take you more than 1–2 hours. With this size, it is not necessary to use a car to complete the survey; you can also walk or bike. Whichever method you use, be mindful of your personal safety. It may be helpful to map out the route you will take ahead of time. It can also be helpful (and safer) to have another person do the driving while you observe and make notes.

Once you are on the route, start making observations right away. Stop frequently to write down notes. A template is provided in the Required Resources to help you document your observations.

The timing of your observation can be important in helping you focus on specific items. If possible, consider conducting your survey more than once at different times of the day. For example, if you make your observations too early in the morning, you may miss things that take place later in the day that provide a different perspective of the neighborhood. It is also important to be as objective as possible when making your observations.

Requirements

Conduct the windshield survey, using the template located in the Required Resources for this assessment.
Use the template as a guide to write a report for your team. If possible, look at other written documents used within your organization. How are they formatted? Follow that format as closely as possible, making sure you still use APA guidelines for your in-text references, citations, and reference page.

Based on your observations and notes from your survey experience, write a report that includes the following:

Describe, briefly, the neighborhood or community you observed (overall condition, types of spaces and businesses, evidence of services, and so forth).
Describe a vulnerable or diverse population you observed living within the neighborhood or community.

Now you will need to do some research on the population you described:

Explain how the demographics for the population have changed over the past 5–10 years. Note: This information should be readily available through the United States Census Bureau, similar state Web sites, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, or other professional sites. Be sure your information is current.
Describe the most prevalent health risks for the population. For example, if your population is senior citizens, then the health risks might be diabetes and loss of mobility. Include statistics on the health risks, such as frequency of occurrence in the population and number of deaths per year in the population.
Identify the health disparities and social determinants of health that can affect the population. In other words, what will you need to overcome to develop a successful health promotion and disease prevention program for the population?

Your completed assessment should be 3–5 pages in length, not including the title page and reference page. Support your information with references to at least three professional, scholarly, or government resources, and follow current APA guidelines for your in-text citations and references.

Additional Requirements

Include a title page and reference page. The completed assessment should be 3–5 pages in length, not including the title page and reference page.
Reference at least three current scholarly, professional, or government resources.
Use current APA format for citations and references.
Use Times New Roman font, 12 point.
Double space.

Pharmacological Treatments

Create a 10–12-slide PowerPoint presentation to identify medications associated with a chosen disease or health condition, explain the actions and side effects of the medications, and discuss any controversies related to the medications. Explain a treatment regime, including pharmacology, for the disease or health condition you selected, along with how the treatment regime may affect a client’s lifestyle.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Apply practice guidelines and standards of evidence-based practice related to pharmacology for safe and effective nursing practice.
- Identify the pharmacological agents most often used in the treatment of a disease or health condition.
- Describe the treatment regime, including pharmacology, most often prescribed for a disease or health condition.
- Explain the controversies related to a pharmacological agent.
Competency 2: Explain the relationship between quality patient outcomes, patient safety, and the appropriate use of pharmacology and psychopharmacology.
- Explain the types of actions, side effects, indications, and contraindications that may be expected from a pharmacological treatment.
- Describe how a treatment regime, including pharmacology, may impact a client’s lifestyle.
- Describe how to monitor a client following a prescribed treatment regime, including pharmacology, in order to obtain a quality patient outcome.
Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations of a nursing professional.
- Write content clearly and logically with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
- Correctly format citations and references using current APA style
  .

By having a thorough understanding of pharmacology, nurses can eliminate possible medication errors in their nursing practices. The basic principles of pharmacology include pharmacokinetics (what the body does to a drug) and pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to the body). Pharmacology plays a significant role in the nursing profession, so it is extremely important for nurses to understand the actions of the pharmacological agents they will administer to patients in order to intervene appropriately if necessary.

Another critical skill for a nurse is the ability to apply and evaluate evidence-based practices, principles, models, and pharmacological guidelines and protocols commonly used in nursing practice. Understanding how specific protocols and guidelines are developed will aid nurses in treating patients with a multitude of physiological and psychological conditions.

Nurses must be able to measure outcomes of pharmacological interventions when caring for patients. The effective use of evidence-based practice guidelines, models, and principles is one way that nurses can analyze quality outcomes for the pharmacological treatments used for patients.

Pharmacology includes different categories of major drugs used in the treatment of primary diseases. The same drug may be used to treat more than one disease or condition, while two patients with the same disease may require different drug treatments. In addition, the professional nurse must be aware of what types of things can influence a patient’s response to a drug. Some things are obvious—other medications, for example—while some are less so. Things like age, weight, herbs—even foods people eat every day—can influence how a person responds to a particular drug. At times, even a strong cultural belief can influence how a drug will react. Nurses who administer drugs have a responsibility to assess patients for both the desired response, as well as for any unwanted and potentially harmful reactions that may occur
.

Imagine your supervisor has asked you to conduct a lunch and learn session to educate your fellow nursing staff on pharmacological interventions.

Preparation

Select a disease or health condition that requires pharmacological intervention. You may choose any disease or health condition you wish, but the disease or health condition must be relevant to nurses from a variety of settings (for example: ER, pediatrics, public health, et cetera).

Requirements

Once you have selected a disease or health condition, create a PowerPoint presentation you could use in your lunch and learn session, including the following:

Identify the disease or health condition you have chosen, along with the areas where nurses are likely to see it. (Do this in the agenda slide or next slide after the agenda.)
Identify the three drugs used most often in the treatment of the disease or health condition.
Explain the types of actions, side effects, indications, and contraindications that could be expected from the pharmacological treatment.
Describe the treatment regime most often prescribed for the disease or health condition. This should include pharmacology but not be limited to pharmacology.
Explain how the treatment regime (including pharmacology) may impact a client’s lifestyle. Consider things such as finances, ease or complexity of administration, instructions (frequency, duration), et cetera.
Describe how a nurse should monitor a client being treated for the disease or health condition in order to obtain a quality patient outcome.
Explain any controversies associated with the drugs used in the treatment. For example, is there a black box warning with any of the drugs?

Use the notes section of each slide to expand your points or draft your mock oral presentation (or both) and reference your resources. Use at least 3 peer-reviewed or professional resources to support your work in this assessment. Be sure your PowerPoint includes a title slide, a slide with your agenda or list of topics to be covered, and a reference slide. Follow current APA style and formatting guidelines for your citations and references.

Additional Requirements

Number of slides: 10–12, not including the title and reference slides.
Be creative. Consider your intended audience.

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Development of self

July 19, 2019/in Uncategorized /by

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to engage with your peers in an examination, analysis and evaluation of a Nursing Practice Case Study in relation to a Professional Standard, Practice Standard or Practice Guideline. Your team is expected to design and deliver a thorough Scholarly Essay that identifies an applicable CNO standard or guideline to the assigned case, analyzes and evaluates the case and makes recommendations for practice changes.

Course and Essential Employability Learning Outcomes evaluated in this Assignment:

1. Identify the legal, ethical and professional responsibilities and requirements for being a nurse in Ontario in order to provide safe, competent and ethical care.

2. Describe how the effects of personal values and beliefs influence nursing care.

3. Apply caring theories and research to nursing practice using critical thinking strategies to promote safe, competent, and ethical nursing care.

4. Identify how the theories and concepts of caring serve as the foundation of nurse-client relationship.

5. Apply key principles of evidenced based practice and ways of knowing to nursing decision-making and practice issues.

6. Reflect on personal learning goals, strategies, and resources as part of nursing professional develop[pment.

7. Communicate clearly, concisely and correctly in the written, spoken, and visual form that fulfills the purpose and meets the needs of the audience.

8. Analyze, evaluate, and apply relevant information from a variety of sources.

9. Show respect for the diverse opinions, values, belief systems, and contributions of others.

10. Interact with others in groups or teams in ways that contribute to effective working relationships and the achievement of goals.

11. Manage the use of time and other resources to complete projects.

Team Case Study #

Lucinda, an RPN, works on the Rehabilitation Unit at Durham General Hospital. She has been working on this unit for 2 years. The patients on this unit primarily are recovering from hip fractures, repairs and replacements and knee replacements. The patient population is mainly the older adult, ages 60 years old and up. Lucinda considers this a rewarding unit to work on because as a nurse you are mostly part of a very successful process; watching someone progress from being dependent to independent. Sometimes patients are suffering from a multiple of other medical conditions along with their rehabilitation and this makes things more complicated and increase the patient care needs dramatically.

Today, Lucinda’s day on the Rehabilitation Unit has been very busy and tough. Presently, the unit has a large number of patients who are recovering from hip replacement surgery but are also very sick with a number of different medical conditions. Lucinda’s load is heavy, and she has three considerably challenging patients. Mrs. Lacey has had post-operative complications and has been in the hospital for 10 days. She has had an infection and is now suffering with delirium. Ever since she has been demonstrating signs of delirium it is very challenging to leave her alone. Mrs. Lacey’s daughter and son are regular visitors and often stop and talk to the nurses about their mother’s care. They ask about how Mrs. Lacey is doing and are occasionally critical of her care.

In the morning, Mrs. Lacey’s daughter was into visit. She stopped Lucinda with many questions about her care. Lucinda was on her way into to an assessment on one of her other patient’s but did make the time to listen carefully and discuss the issues and concerns raised. Later that afternoon, Mrs. Lacey’s son visited his mother. He also had a number of questions that were similar to his sister’s questions but once again Lucinda, even though she was running behind and had a patient who was not very stable, she stopped, listened and explained his mother’s care. About an hour and a half later, the unit manager told Lucinda that Mrs. Lacey’s family had phoned in with questions and concerns about her care. They reported that when they approached Lucinda with questions she was “busy” and “unhelpful.”

At the end of Lucinda’s shift, she was very angry and upset with how her day went. She took pride in the care she provided. She was exhausted after such a busy day. She sat down to relax and signed on to Facebook. She read some new posts and decided to update her status. She wrote: “So much for being patient and understanding L family – some people apparently just don’t want to hear!” #4thDGH #lifeofaRPN.

Part B – Team Scholarly Essay

Your team is expected to write and submit a scholarly essay that your team has worked on together related to your assigned case study.

Requirements:

· Title page following APA guidelines (tile page, margins, line spacing, format & font).

· A comprehensive introduction with a clear thesis statement and identification of the plan for your essay.

· A summary of your assigned case study.

· A discussion of the Professional Standard or Practice Standard or Practice Guideline your team has identified that applies to your Nursing Practice case study. This should include an explanation of the professional/practice standard/practice guideline and its related components and how they apply to the case (indicators, guiding principles).

· Based on a review of the literature and an analysis of the applicable Professional/Practice Standard/Practice guideline provide a discussion of three different recommendations for practice. Include an explanation of each recommendation and a rationale for each recommendation.

· The recommendations must be supported by peer-reviewed literature and not by a Nursing professional Guideline or Practice Standard. Remember to quote and reference in APA format.

· A comprehensive conclusion that pulls your paper all together and “sums” up your discussion with good continuity of thought.

· A minimum of three different scholarly sources in addition to the Professional Standard/Practice Standard/Guideline must be used in the written submission.

· References page following APA guidelines.

· Appendix with the names of each team member and who was assigned to which article. See below for more information.

Part B – Writing a Paper as a Team – Roles for Team Members

All members of the team must work together to analyze the assigned Nursing Practice case study and the following are individual roles that have worked well in the past to help a team decide how to complete a team essay submission. Together explore your strengths as a team and collaboratively decide who is best suited for each role.

· Role #1 – After team analysis and planning the team member must write both the introduction and conclusion as per above guidelines.

NURS 1520 – PART B

Scholarly Essay Marking Rubric

Sections/Marks
Role 1	Meets All Expectations (5)	Approaches Expectations (2.5)	Does Not Meet All Expectations (0)
Introduction(5)	Focused and relevant introduction and statement of purpose	Weak or strained introduction	Missing introduction
Conclusion (5)	Clearly developed conclusion with good continuity of thought	Weak or strained conclusion	Missing conclusion

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critical Thinking, Ethical Decision Making, And The Nursing Process

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