The suppliers of legislative benefits are legislators, and their primary goal is to be re-elected. Thus, legislators need to maximize their chances for re-election, which requires political support. Legislators are assumed to be rational and to make cost-benefit calculations when faced with demands for legislation. However, the legislator’s cost-benefit calculations are not the cost-benefits to society of enacting particular legislation. Instead, the benefits are the additional political support the legislator would receive from supporting legislation and the lost political support they would incur as a result of their action. When the benefit to legislators (positive political support) exceeds their costs (negative political support) they will support legislation. (page 27)

Source: Feldstein, P. (2006). The politics of health legislation: An economic perspective (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press. 

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
• Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.

Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in the statement from page 27 of Feldstein (2006) affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses such as the one portrayed by the Feldstein statement may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or

 

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· 1-ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source: this source offers a wide range of materials in nursing, allied health, alternative and complementary medicine, and the likes. It has over 860 titles in full text and over 12,000 full-text dissertations indicative of arduous nursing scholarships. Additionally, it gives access to online reference books, training tools, and evidence-based nursing material from The Joana Briggs Institute. It’s a good source for training videos and cultural reports that helps with creating a better understanding of patient care.

· CINAHL Complete is one of the most reliable databases for nursing. It offers research tools and access to nursing and allied journals. It is comprised of more than 1300 journal titles and covers over fifty specialties in nursing. Also, it offers continuing education modules, research instruments, and evidence-based care sheets.

I believe these databases will help me find the best research articles for my EBP proposal.

2-The GCU Library offers very many sources and databases of information from which nurses can be able to get nursing information. The university has databases that they get peer reviewed journal articles. These databases include the CINAHL Complete and Cochrane Library (Grand Canyon University, n.d.). These two databases are well known for having scholarly articles and journals that are very good in evidence based practice. These databases are specifically for nursing and health sciences. These databases are very good sources of information and evidence based practice papers than other sources for certain reasons. One is that they guarantee scholarly articles that are peer reviewed. The sources only provide materials and articles that have been peer reviewed. These means that the information that they provide to the reader is credible and can be used in the practice. Peer reviewed scholarly articles show that the information in the journal has been reviewed by other experts in the field and therefore the information can be used in a research or in a hospital setting.

Another reason as to why these databases are better is that they are more specific to subject and topic. This means that no time is wasted in search of information that is to be used in the research or practice. At times, the researcher has to go very many volumes of journals so as to be able to find some information (Dvorkin & Sylvester, 2018). However, these databases are specific in that they provide information on certain disciplines of nursing and health sciences. This means that they are more specific to subject. Another advantage of using these sources is that they offer a wide range of options. They have very many articles from which a nurse can choose from and they can get credible information from any of them. This means that not only is the source credible it is also reliable and one can depend fully on it.

References

Dvorkin, J., & Sylvester, K. (2018). Sources: Credible and Incredible. Critical News Literacy, 108-119. doi:10.4324/9781351030069-10

Grand Canyon University. (n.d.). Journal Databases. Retrieved from http://library.gcu.edu/Database/Subject?subject=Nursing_And_Health_Sciences

3-One of the reasons I believe that academic databases are better than open web searches and Google Scholar is the fact that medical research contains a lot of qualitative data, some of which are stored in raw form. Such raw data would likely be in audio-visual forms, though some may be transcribed into text and pictures (Cleland, Harrild & Moffat, 2013). Research databases store these types of data in one place; the researcher has the option to separate them. The same cannot be said of Google search; though Google searches these days can return YouTube videos, such returned results can contain non-academic videos which can distract the researcher. Ironically, a lot of academic videos I’ve watched are YouTube videos, but they do not come up in YouTube searches because other non-academic videos beat them to the top ranks. This is very frustrating for a researcher who may be working with limited time.

References

Cleland, J., Scott, N., Harrild, K., & Moffat, M. (2013). Using databases in medical education research: AMEE Guide No. 77. Medical Teacher, 35(5), e1103–e1122. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3109/0142159X.2013.785632

4-Two barriers that may hold the nursing practice from achieving the Institute of Medicine goal of 90% of practice being evidence-based by 2020 are time/knowledge and resistance (Oncology Nursing Society, 2019). A lack of time prevents clinicians from critiquing and apprising evidence-based practice resulting in a lack of knowledge related to the evidence-based practice that needs to be implemented (Oncology Nursing Society, 2019). Also, resistance can be met when trying to change the culture of an organization, although evidence-based practice is the standard now, and hopefully less resistance will be seen in the future (Oncology Nursing Society, 2019). These barriers can be overcome by engaging the appropriate stakeholders and gaining administrative support (Oncology Nursing Society, 2019).

References

Oncology Nursing Society. (2019). Overcome Barriers to Applying an Evidence-Based Process for Practice Change. Retrieved from https://voice.ons.org/news-and-views/overcome-barriers-to-applying-an-evidence-based-process-for-practice-change

5-“By the year 2020, 90 percent of clinical decisions will be supported by accurate, timely, and up-to-date clinical information, and will reflect the best available evidence. We feel that this presents a tangible focus for progress toward our vision, that Americans ought to expect at least this level of performance, that it should be feasible with existing resources and emerging tools, and that measures can be developed to track and stimulate progress” , a goal stated by IOM for  Healthy People 2020 . Statics currently shows only 15 percent of that goal being meet. Evidence-based practice integrates the best evidence from well-designed studies with clinicians’ expertise, patient assessments, and patients’ own preferences, leads to better, safer care; better outcomes; and lower health care costs. Yet despite the fact that nurses report that engaging in EBP leads to greater professional satisfaction,  a survey amongst nurses in the United States found that they we’re not consistently using it. ” Ohio State University (OSU), Columbus, conducted a descriptive survey of a random sample of 1,015 members of the American Nurses Association. The results showed that only 34.5% of respondents (350) agreed or strongly agreed that their colleagues consistently used EBP in treating patients. Although a majority (76.2%) felt it was important for them to have more education and skills in EBP, most found educational opportunities wanting, as they did access to knowledgeable mentors, resources, and tools needed to use EBP”, (AJN,2012).Two major  barriers found were the lack of time and the other was just that people didn’t support the lack of time can be adressed is to schedule days when employees are of for an EBP training. doing training during shift can be hectic at times. When there’s a special time put aside for just this people may be more likely to fully engage istead of listening thinking about unfinished work during the shift. With the lack of support barrier, I believe sometimes people are quick to turn things down when they do not understand it. With the time set aside to train people about EBP , gaining more information and getting educated on the approach may enlighten people, therefore making them more open to engge in change.

References

Barriers to Implementing Evidence-Based Practice Remain… : AJN The American Journal of Nursing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2012/12000/Barriers_to_Implementing_Evidence_Based_Practice.11.aspx

Institute of Medicine (US) Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine. (2013, January 01). Institute of Medicine: Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK52847/

6-I agree Caylee, Education is one of the major reason that nurses may be relunctant to paticipate in EBP approach. Some nurses have been working for 10-20 years and EBP may be fairly new. “People educated 20 years ago didn’t learn an EBP approach to care,” she says, adding that educators still spend more time teaching students how to do rigorous research than they do teaching them how to use research in practice”(AJN,2012). Evidence-based practice is an expected core competency of all health care clinicians regardless of discipline. Use of evidence-based practice means integrating the best research with clinical expertise and patient values to achieve optimal health outcomes. As a result of educational deficiencies related to the incorporation of EBP into educational settings, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the association that guides baccalaureate and graduate nursing education curricula, identified“scholarship for evidence-based practice” as an essential of baccalaureate nursing education (Wnters, 2012).

References

Barriers to Implementing Evidence-Based Practice Remain… : AJN The American Journal of Nursing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2012/12000/Barriers_to_Implementing_Evidence_Based_Practice.11.aspx

Winters, C. A., & Echeverri, R. (2012). Teaching Strategies to Support Evidence-Based Practice. Critical Care Nurse, 32(3), 49-54. doi:10.4037/ccn2012159

 

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The suppliers of legislative benefits are legislators, and their primary goal is to be re-elected. Thus, legislators need to maximize their chances for re-election, which requires political support. Legislators are assumed to be rational and to make cost-benefit calculations when faced with demands for legislation. However, the legislator’s cost-benefit calculations are not the cost-benefits to society of enacting particular legislation. Instead, the benefits are the additional political support the legislator would receive from supporting legislation and the lost political support they would incur as a result of their action. When the benefit to legislators (positive political support) exceeds their costs (negative political support) they will support legislation. (page 27)

Source: Feldstein, P. (2006). The politics of health legislation: An economic perspective (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press. 

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
• Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.

Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in the statement from page 27 of Feldstein (2006) affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses such as the one portrayed by the Feldstein statement may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid).  APA citation, 3 references

 

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Report Issue

How will you approach your studies? What types of resources are available to you, and how will you access and utilize them? Taking the opportunity to prepare these strategies, tools, and materials will help ensure you can “break ground” without incident and successfully move to the phase where you begin building your vision.

To Prepare:

• Consider your goals for academic accomplishments while a student of the MSN program.
• Reflect on the strategies presented in the Resources for this module.

The Assignment:

In this Assignment, you will continue developing your Academic Success and Professional Development Plan by appending the original document you began in the previous Assignment to develop the second component—academic resources and strategies. To accomplish this:

• Identify and describe at least three academic resources or strategies that can be applied to the MSN program
• Identify and describe at least three professional resources that can be applied to success in the nursing practice in general or your specialty in particular
• Explain how you intend to use these resources, and how they might benefit you academically and professionally.

 Academic and Professional Success Plan Template 

Week 2 | Part 2: Academic Resources and Strategies

I have identified the following academic resources and/or strategies that can be applied to success in the nursing practice in general or my specialty in particular.

Directions: In the space below Identify and describe at least three academic resources or strategies that can be applied to the MSN program, and at least three professional resources that can be applied to success in the nursing practice in general or your specialty in particular. For each, explain how you intend to use these resources, and how they might benefit you academically and professionally.

Academic Resource/Strategy 1

Academic Resource/Strategy 2

Academic Resource/Strategy 3

Professional Resource/Strategy 1

Professional Resource/Strategy 2

Professional Resource/Strategy 3

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES/STRATEGIES

| Part 3: Strategies to Promote Academic Integrity and Professional Ethics

I have analyzed the relationship between academic integrity and writing, as well as the relationship between professional practices and scholarly ethics. I have also identified strategies I intend to pursue to maintain integrity and ethics of my academic work while a student of the MSN program, as well as my professional work as a nurse throughout my career. The results of these efforts are shared below.

Directions: In the space below craft your analysis/writing sample, including Part 1 (The Connection Between Academic and Professional Integrity) and Part 2 (Strategies for Maintaining Integrity of Work).

Part 1: Writing Sample: The Connection Between Academic and Professional Integrity

In the space below write a 2- 3-paragraph analysis that includes the following:

· Explanation for the relationship between academic integrity and writing

· Explanation for the relationship between professional practices and scholarly ethics 

· Cite at least 2 resources that support your arguments, being sure to use proper APA formatting. 

· Use Grammarly and SafeAssign to improve the product.

· Explain how Grammarly, Safe Assign, and paraphrasing contributes to academic integrity

PART 2: Strategies for Maintaining Integrity of Work

Expand on your thoughts from Part 1 by: 

· Identifying and describing strategies you intend to pursue to maintain integrity and ethics of your 1) academic work while a student of the MSN program, and 2) professional work as a nurse throughout your career. Include a review of resources and approaches you propose to use as a student and a professional

 

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The Assignment (2-3 pages):

Personal Leadership Philosophies

Develop and submit a personal leadership philosophy that reflects what you think are characteristics of a good leader. Use the scholarly resources on leadership you selected to support your philosophy statement. Your personal leadership philosophy should include the following:

A description of your core values

A personal mission/vision statement

An analysis of your CliftonStrengths Assessment summarizing the results of your profile

A description of two key behaviors that you wish to strengthen

A development plan that explains how you plan to improve upon the two key behaviors you selected and an explanation of how you plan to achieve your personal vision. Be specific and provide examples.

 

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