Final: HE102 Nutrition in a Changing World

Due Date: Tuesday, 5/14/2019

12:30 PM

(No late assignments accepted)

This final is an individual effort, no sharing of answers, with other classmates. If cheating is detected all parties will receive a failing grade. You must refer to you text, outlines, PowerPoint presentations, and other class resources, to help answer exam questions.

Part # 1: Energy Balance and Weight Control

(20 Points, 4 points each question)

You are a professional, Health Coach, specializing in diet and exercise, and have just taken on a client struggling with managing a healthy weight. Jack is a 28 year old Male, 5 foot 10 inches tall, and a former College Athlete. Jack currently weighs 235 lbs, and has struggled with managing a healthy weight ever since he graduated from college. He currently works a full time job, in a busy insurance claims call center, where he is very sedentary. Jack suffers from very low energy, and after a long day at work, he struggles to find the motivation to plan healthy meals, and stick to a regular exercise routine. His current lifestyle has contributed to a 50 lbs weight gain, over the past 6 years. Jack’s many previous attempts, to take off the weight, have proven to be unsuccessful, so his Doctor suggested that he make a few lifestyle changes, but Jack feels overwhelmed, and isn’t exactly sure where to start. His friends and family have been sharing stories, about people they know, who have found success on a variety of popular diets, and one friend even asked that he consider weight loss surgery. Jack doesn’t want to go to the extreme, but based on his frustration, with not being able to manage a healthy weight, he has not completely rejected the idea. Jack has been warned about the potential health risks, if he doesn’t make a few changes, and is hopeful that you can help guide her in the right direction.

1. BMI:

1. Please identify Jack’s BMI (You must show calculation for credit.)

2. What is his weight status?

2. Risk Factors: Explain to Jack 4 risk factors associated with his current weight status.

1.

2.

3.

4.

3. Body Composition:

1. Define body composition, and state what would be a healthy body fat percentage for Jack?

2. Explain, and define one method to measure body composition.

4. EER:

1. Define EER.

2. Calculate Jack’s EER, based on her lifestyle (very low activity), show calculation for credit.

5. Weight Loss Surgery:

1. State, and explain one possible weight loss surgery option.

2. Are there potential dangers, and or side effects to your chosen weight loss surgery? Does Jack meet the qualifications, why or why not?

Part # 2: Nutrition for Physically Active Lifestyles

(Worth 20 points, 4 points each question)

1. Exercise Recommendations:

1. What are the exercise recommendations of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, for healthy adults under 65 years of age? (state recommendations for both components) a) Moderate & Vigorous Intensity Recommendation =

b) Strength Recommendation =

2. Does your participation in various physical activities meet the minimum recommendation, in each category? Please prescribe exercises, for each category, that will meet the minimum recommendation.

a) Cardiovascular exercise (Aerobic), type and time =

b) Strength exercise (Anaerobic), type and time =

2. Target Heart Rate (Basic Method): You must show your calculations, starting with your maximal heart rate.

1. Calculate your target heart rate zone for moderate-intensity exercise.

2. Calculate your target heart rate zone for vigorous-intensity exercise.

3. Macro-Nutrients for Fuel: You have learned that carbohydrates are the major source for energy, followed by fats; you have also learned that proteins supply your body with energy, but should not be relied on as a major supplier, keep this in mind when answering the following:

1. Why do human cells rely far moreon glucose (carbohydrate), and fat for energy? Make sure you explain the role of both carbohydrate and fat.

2. Why is it recommended that protein be the minimal supplier of energy? Make sure you explain the role that protein plays in a well balanced diet.

4. Fluid Intake: Your neighbor is planning to run in a marathon. What are the recommendations for fluid intake? Make sure you are specific.

1. Fluid Intake, how much?

a) Before =

b) During =

c) After =

2. What kind of fluid is best?

a) Before =

b) During =

c) After =

5. Ergogenic Aids: One of your friends is a competitive athlete, and tells you that he is going to start supplementing with DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), because he strongly feels that it will improve his stamina, and athletic performance.

1. Define Ergogenic Aid.

2. Please do a little research on DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone). You may search outside of your text for this question. What is it? Is there any research out there that supports the effectiveness? Include performance claims, possible side effects, and whether it is a banned substance in competition. Be specific, and reference information. (Reliable sources please).

Part # 3: Food Safety Concerns (Worth 20 points)

Food Additives: For this section you will need to identify common types of direct food additives. To receive full credit you will need to list ingredients, identify food additives, and state possible health concerns, for 2 processed foods of your choice.

1. Food A: _________________

Ingredients List (Must include all ingredients.):

Direct Food Additive (Choose 4 from the ingredients list.)

1.

2.

3.

4.

Purpose (State the purpose of your chosen 4 additives.)

1.

2.

3.

4.

Possible Health Risk (You must state 2 possible health concerns associated with 2 of your 4 chosen additives.)

1.

2.

2. Food B: _________________

Ingredients List (Must include all ingredients.):

Direct Food Additive (Choose 4 from the ingredients list.)

1.

2.

3.

4.

Purpose (State the purpose of your chosen 4 additives.)

1.

2.

3.

4.

Possible Health Risk (You must state 2 possible health concerns associated with 2 of your 4 chosen additives.)

1.

2.

Helpful Resources:

https://www.ewg.org/foodscores

https://www.ewg.org/research/ewg-s-dirty-dozen-guide-food-additives

Part # 4: Nutrition for a Lifetime

(Worth 20 points, 4 points each question)

1. Pregnancy: One of your friends just found out that she’s pregnant. Although her BMI is within the healthy range, she is concerned about gaining too much weight during pregnancy.

1. What 4 pieces of information can you provide concerning the need to gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, and not exceed the recommended amount? Include the appropriate weight recommend for your friend, as one of your responses, and the risk for not gaining enough, or gaining too much for the additional 3 responses.

1.

2.

3.

4.

2. Infant: Oliver is a healthy 2- month – old baby. Oliver’s mother Kara wants to replace his iron-fortified infant formula with the 2% milk that she drinks, to save money.

1. What 4 facts would you share with Kara, concerning making such a change, at 2 months of age? Explain why it would not be a good idea.

1.

2.

3.

4.

3. Preschool: James is 5 years old, and his BMI is in the overweight range. His parents are also overweight, and seem concerned about their son’s excess body weight.

1. What 4 possible consequences might James experience if he continues to stay in an unhealthy range?

1.

2.

3.

4.

2. What 4 pieces of advice would you provide the parents, to help James, and the entire family to achieve and maintains a healthy weight? Please be specific.

1.

2.

3.

4.

4. Adult: Health issues, associated with poor lifestyle habits, which includes poor nutritional habits, accumulate over time, and tend to show later in an adults life.

1. List 4 lifestyle diseases common today, that can be directly associated with poor nutritional habits.

1

2.

3.

4.

2. Look at those close to you, in the adult, and older adult life stage, perhaps your parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, friends, or co-workers, have any experienced health issues that you can associate with poor nutritional habits (No is not an acceptable answer)?

1. Identify the health issue.

2. What lifestyle changes can you make now, that can help you reduce your risk for future lifestyle disparity.

5. Older Adults: Diets of older adults, particularly older women provide inadequate amounts of Vitamins A, D, and B-12, and the minerals calcium and potassium.

1. Please give suggestions on food items that a 71-year-old a woman should consider, to get the adequate amounts of the following vitamins and minerals, into her diet:

1. Vitamin A

2. Vitamin D

3. Vitamin B-12

4. Calcium

5. Potassium

2. What are 4 challenges older people face in meeting their nutritional needs?

1.

2.

3.

4

Part # 5: Food Rules (Worth 20 Points)

1. List your top 10 “Food Rules”, by number, listed in the book, and state why each made your top ten. Points taken off, if the why is not stated. After you complete your top 10, try to live by your food rules for 1 day, and report how you did. (10 Points)

State Food Rule, and its corresponding #	Why did it make your top 10?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

*How easy would it be to incorporate a few “Food Rules”? Report on your attempt to follow your food rules below:

2. List 10 specifics from Michael Pollan’s documentary “In Defense of Food”, and then summarize a few of your personal thoughts on the film. Try to relate his message to some of the lessons you learned this semester. Your summary must be a minimum of one pagein length, double spaced. (10 points, 5 points for top 10, 5 points summary)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Summary:

 

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Question 3

This is a major federal agency that provided health insurance to US citizens aged 65 or older. Thy also have the responsibility of maintaining extensive data on annual Medicare and Medicaid expenditures, as well as the Children’s Health Insurance Programs and national healthcare expenditures. What federal agency is this?

Question 12

What are the roles of the following groups in the health care value improvement process: boards of directors, senior leaders, physicians, employees, and payers?

Question 14

Many elderly patients are being discharged form acute care hospitals after undergoing procedures such as knee and hip replacement surgeries. They need extensive rehabilitation services. Form a strategic planning perspective, investment in what type of facility would be best to pursue, given these circumstances? Explain why?

Question 16

In 1999, The Institute of Medicine (IOM) published To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, to improve patient safety in health care; what are the six IOM aims for quality improvement?

Question 31

Who are the key stakeholders in a healthcare organization? Provide an example of a motivating statement that might engage one of these groups.

 

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Case Study 1

Case Study 1

Ms. A. is an apparently healthy 26-year-old white woman. Since the beginning of the current golf season, Ms. A has noted increased shortness of breath and low levels of energy and enthusiasm. These symptoms seem worse during her menses. Today, while playing in a golf tournament at a high, mountainous course, she became light-headed and was taken by her golfing partner to the emergency clinic. The attending physician’s notes indicated a temperature of 98 degrees F, an elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. Ms. A states, “Menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal have been a problem for 10-12 years, and I take 1,000 mg of aspirin every 3 to 4 hours for 6 days during menstruation.” During the summer months, while playing golf, she also takes aspirin to avoid “stiffness in my joints.”

Laboratory values are as follows:

Hemoglobin = 8 g/dl

Hematocrit = 32%

Erythrocyte count = 3.1 x 10/mm

RBC smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cells

Reticulocyte count = 1.5%

Other laboratory values were within normal limits.

Question

Considering the circumstances and the preliminary workup, what type of anemia does Ms. A most likely have? In an essay of 500-750 words, explain your answer and include rationale.

© 2013. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

 

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equired Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity:

· Textbook: Chapter 1, 5, 12 (section: “Introduction”; “The Classical Period”; and Appendix – “Writing about Moral Issues”)

· Lesson

· Minimum of 1 scholarly source

Dilemma Helen wants to move to a new community, and she is applying for a job with a small retail establishment. She is confident that she is fully qualified and will be able to perform well if she gets the job. The employer, however, has advertised for someone with three years of retail experience, and Helen only has two-and-a-half years. She is considering whether to exaggerate slightly on her resume in order to improve her chances of getting the job.

Helen asks three friends to offer their advice on what she should do.

· Henry says, “Go ahead and claim three-and-a-half years of experience; they’re going to be so happy with your work that by the time they check (if they ever do) it won’t matter.”

· Jennifer says, “I’m sure you’ll arrive at the best decision on your own; I’ve always known you to be an honest person.”

· George says, “It is never all right to lie, even when you are unlikely to get caught and it seems relatively harmless to do so.”

Initial Post Instructions For the initial post, address all of the following questions relating to the dilemma:

· Upon which of the Three Primary Schools of Ethics is each of Helen’s friends relying? Explain your reasoning.

· Can you imagine other people using the same approaches to arrive at different kinds of advice? Provide examples.

· Do one of these Three Primary Schools of Ethics feel like the style you usually use already? Explain.

Writing Requirements

· Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source)

· APA format for in-text citations and list of references

2nd discussion

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity:

· Textbook: Chapter 1, 5, 12 (section: “Introduction”; “The Classical Period”; and Appendix – “Writing about Moral Issues”)

· Lesson

· Minimum of 1 scholarly source

Introduction The study of ethics and philosophy is one that brings many different kinds of “thinkers” together. One person’s philosophy on ethics is another person’s philosophy on evil. We will be working this term on constructing personal ethical bases and understanding how ethical codes (both personal and professional) are created and followed.

To start us thinking about the different areas of philosophy and ethics, and how we fit into the different molds or world views, let’s discuss the differences and similarities between these views. To do this, let’s look at the role of right and wrong, laws which regulate behavior, principles vs. morality, and the role of ethics in our society.

Initial Post Instructions For the initial post, address one of the following questions:

· Do we need ethics if we have laws? Why or why not?

· Examine the issues with changing our own views of ethics based on the situation we are in?

· Can we “legislate” ethics? If so, how do you see this happening? If not, what are the obstacles to legislating ethics?

· How does Aristotle’s “virtue ethics” mirror your ethical view, or how is it different? Make sure to explain your reasoning.

Writing Requirements

· Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source)

· APA format for in-text citations and list of references

 

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