Write an essay that will help the interested reader to think about the fact of cultural pluralism, and the sorts of ethical challenges it presents, and some of the possible ways of addressing those challenges.

1.Discussion 1Write an essay that will help the interested reader to think about the fact of cultural pluralism, and the sorts of ethical challenges it presents, and some of the possible ways of addressing those challenges. Your task, most simply stated, is to answer these three interrelated questions: What sorts of ethical challenges are posed by the fact of cultural pluralism? What are some of the possible philosophical solutions to such challenges? And what is your solution? Think about itShare your thoughtsThink about it some moreShare your thoughts on someone else’s thoughtsJUST NEEDS TO BE 50 WORDS LONG. 2. Discussion 2The idea of [universal] human rights…is that we all have rights by virtue of our common humanity. Individuals have certain kinds of rights as members of particular communities, but human rights belong to humanity and do not depend for their existence on the legal and moral practices of different communities. Thus, even if individuals are denied rights by the laws of a particular state, they still can make a claim to rights by virtue of their membership of common humanity [that is, by virtue of their being a human being] … [Consider] the United Nations Charter which seeks ‘to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights.’ Similarly, the Preamble to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that the ‘recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world.’ What, then, philosophically grounds such a claim to universality?The fundamental problem with defending the [idea of universal] human rights … is the failure of its advocates to provide a convincing theory of human nature which would ground notions of human dignity. -This passage is taken from Dunne & Wheeler, eds., Human Rights in Global PoliticsThe prompt for this week’s discussion is a seemingly straightforward question: Why do humans have rights? As we see in the passage just quoted, to answer this question, we need an answer to the question of “human nature,” that is, What makes a human human? What sort of being is a human being?Think about it. Here are a few different ways of phrasing the relevant questions:If there are universal human rights (and we will grant that there are, at least for the sake of argument); if at least some rights are shared by all humans (for instance, the rights enumerated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights); and if humans have those rights simply by virtue of being human; if all of this is true, it is truly remarkable, at least if you think about it. We say we have rights because we are human. The question is, why does the fact that we are all human mean that we all have certain rights? Just what sort of being is this peculiar being that has rights just because it is the kind of being it is? To put the question somewhat more straightforwardly, what is your “theory of human nature,” and why do you think it means that humans should have certain rights just because they are human? Or, to put it a little differently, What makes human human? And what is it about the being human that means that a human being should and does have rights?Think about it. Post your thoughts about it. Read your colleagues thoughts about it. And share your thoughts on their thoughts. JUST NEEDS TO BE 50 WORDS LONG Video to watch: https://youtu.be/FGHUcdPLpusAristotle Attacment for just discussion 2.