How different economic theories responded to the tendencies, concerns, and politics of capitalism

Over time, how have different economic theories responded to the tendencies, concerns, and politics of capitalism in their time? Pick at least three (you can pick more) of the following five schools: Classical Political Economy, Marxian Political Economy, Marginalism, Keynesianism, and Neoclassical Economics, and explore how its concerns were shaped by the capitalism of its time.

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