Calista Roy Case Study

A 23-year-old male patient is admitted with a fracture of C6 and C7 that has resulted in quadriplegia. He was injured during a football game at the university where he is currently a senior. His career as a quarterback had been very promising. At the time of the injury, contract negotiations were in progress with a leading professional football team.

1. Use Roy’s criteria to identify focal and contextual stimuli for each of the four adaptive modes. Calista Roy Case Study.

2. Consider what adaptations would be necessary in each of the following four adaptive modes: (1) physiological, (2) self-concept, (3) interdependence, and (4) role function.

3. Create a nursing intervention for each of the adaptive modes to promote adaptation.

Mr. C is a patient being treated for ongoing cardiac problems. He is 6 feet tall and weighs 147 pounds. He was admitted to the emergency room because a loved-one was concerned that he was extremely pale and sweating profusely following a flight. He is on medication for thyroid problems as well. His Creatinine levels are high as is his systolic blood pressure and BUN test. His hemoglobin and hematocrit is low. INR is normal. Here, a plan is presented for care for the patient using Sister Callista Roy’s theory.

Her theory of nursing hinges upon adaptive systems analytics (Farid, 2008). Based on this holistic understanding of healthcare, the following measures are suggested to isolate causative factors in patient’s condition (Enriquez, 2008).

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1. Investigate potentially dangerous drug interactions. If any are found, have more compatible drugs prescribed.
2. Interview Mr. C about recent eating habits. If he has eaten a lot of red meat it may account for the high Creatinine levels. Give him adequate water.
3. Monitor to see if conditions improve with time. A combination of medications and illness coupled with high altitudes in a pressurized chamber might cause a sort of vertigo effect. Calista Roy Case Study.
4. If all of these measures are unsuccessful at bringing the out of range values within normal range, Mr. C is probably experiencing kidney related complications as a result of a multifactor causes such as medication, altitude, lifestyle, and illness.

The imperative is to bring his vitals into normal range. From there, the deeper complications should be addressed by the medical staff.

References

Farid, K. (2008). Total contact casting as part of an adaptive care approach: A case study. OWM. Retrieved from http://www.o-wm.com/article/8892

Enriquez, E. L. (2008). A nursing analysis of the causes of and approaches for urinary incontinence among elderly women in nursing homes. OWM. Retrieved from http://www.o-wm.com/article/2734?page=0,5&mobify=0Calista Roy Case Study.

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The Media Influence the Criteria Citizens Use to Make Judgments Paper

In priming,

the media influence the criteria citizens use to make judgments by the degree of emphasis that issues receive.

news coverage of campaigns helps citizens learn relevant facts about the candidates, including their biographies and issue positions.

the media shape perceptions of how an issue is viewed by focusing on particular aspects of that issue.

news coverage changes citizens’ positions on key issues.

QUESTION 32

What is pack journalism?an attempt by reporters to tell their audience why the candidates are doing what they are doing and thereby reveal the candidates’ underlying strategy

the idea that reporters who travel together, talk to each other, and read each other’s stories converge on similar ideas and themes. The Media Influence the Criteria Citizens Use to Make Judgments Paper.

a focus on tawdry personal scandals in campaign coverage

an attempt to use charts, graphs, and maps to explain the consequences of the candidates’ policy proposals

QUESTION 33

Reinforcement means

getting more campaign resources to battleground states.

adding computers and staff to campaign headquarters.

encouraging voters who are predisposed to support you to actually do so.

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repeating a familiar campaign message.

QUESTION 34

What is party identification?

voting for one party’s presidential candidate in both the primary and the general election

a voter’s temporary preference for one political party based upon economic conditions

a psychological attachment to a political party

a mental tally of each party’s merits and demerits

QUESTION 35

According to surveys, about ________ percent of Americans are very interested in political campaigns.

15

27

44

65

QUESTION 36

Why are presidential campaigns in general elections less likely to affect election outcomes than campaigns at other levels of office?

Voters have already made their mind up about state and local elections but wait until the campaign to learn about presidential candidates.

Congressional candidates are usually better known than presidential candidates.

Congressional candidates begin campaigning well before the November election, whereas presidential candidates only begin after the national conventions.

Presidential candidates are very well known and have been campaigning formonths or more.

QUESTION 37

Which of the following is an example of retrospective voting?

In 2008, Republican voters vote for Barack Obama, the Democratic Party candidate, because they are unhappy with the economic collapse that took place under George W. Bush’s leadership.

A group of voters support Clinton in 2016 because they credit Democrats with bringing greater financial stability to their state.

After a series of devastating tornadoes in the South, people in the affected regions vote against the incumbent party due to the administration’s disaster relief response.

All of these are correct.

QUESTION 38

When the Trump campaign used the immigration issue to court Democratic voters who favored restrictions on immigration, we might say these voters were

persuaded.

targeted.

cross-pressured.

mobilized.

QUESTION 39

How is a voter’s social identity related to the choice of whom to vote for?

Voters tend to vote for the candidate their neighbor supports.

Voters are aligned with political parties because of factors such as class, background, ethnicity, or religion.

Voters who are part of a community group vote for the candidate endorsed by thegroup leader. The Media Influence the Criteria Citizens Use to Make Judgments Paper.

Voters are individuals with free choice, and their friends and neighbors have little influence on their vote choice.

QUESTION 40

When a campaign affects the criteria that voters use in choosing a candidate, the process is known as

priming.

reinforcement.

cross-pressure.

sociotropic voting.

QUESTION 41

Voters rely ________ on their assessments of the national economy (sociotropic voting) than on assessments of their own financial situation (pocketbook voting).

more

less

equally

rarely

QUESTION 42

Voting for the candidate whose issue positions most closely correspond to your own is referred to as

directional voting.

median voter theorem.

proximity voting.

None of these are correct.

QUESTION 43

Why do party organizations try to contact voters?

Parties have traditionally done this task and do not want to give it up.

Voter contact programs serve as a key means of fundraising for parties.

Studies have shown that knocking on voters’ doors or calling them increases their likelihood of participating in the election.

Candidates refuse to create their own volunteer organizations to do this task.

QUESTION 44

Political parties serve the needs of politicians for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

politicians with shared interests and policy goals want durable legislative majorities topass legislation.

politicians want a party reputation or “brand” that voters recognize and can use when voting.

politicians need an infrastructure that helps persuade and mobilize voters during an election.

politicians need party leaders to whom they can shift blame when the economy goes bad.

QUESTION 45

Political parties help democratic governments work better by

aggregating the public’s interests.

organizing coalitions.

coordinating elections and the legislative process.

All of these are correct.

QUESTION 46

What benefits do political parties provide to voters?

They increase free choice for voters by ensuring that multiple candidates run for office.

They give money directly to voters as part of their mobilization programs.

They reduce the need for campaign phone calls and television advertisements, which most people do not like.

They provide voters with clear choices and an effective way to identify the candidate whose views accord more with their own.

QUESTION 47

Political parties are a group of people

hired by the candidate in an effort to win an election.

with a common interest who band together in an effort to further that interest.

who vote the same way in a particular election.

with the shared interest of electing public officials under a common label.

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QUESTION 48

Imagine that you are a campaign strategist for the Republican Party working with voter files for the state of Ohio. You identify 35 independent voters in the files for one county. It would be safe to assume from this information that

these thirty-five voters do not form part of your base.

there is a chance some of these thirty-five voters identify as independent but vote consistently Republican.

these thirty-five voters are members of the Democratic Party.

these thirty-five voters do not vote with any of the two major parties in any election. The Media Influence the Criteria Citizens Use to Make Judgments Paper.

QUESTION 49

Where do party organizations tend to concentrate their resources?

on the most closely contested races

in the districts with the most members of their party

on candidates with the most loyal party voting records in Congress

across all races equally

QUESTION 50

New York state has a closed election primary, only members of a specific party can participate. During the 2016 primary elections some Democratic voters supported Senator Bernie Sanders, while others supported Hillary Clinton. Does V.O. Key Jr.’s term “the party in the electorate” describe these voters?

No, because the term refers to citizens who identify with the same candidate within the party.

Yes, because these voters all identify with the Democratic Party.

Yes, because these voters share the same ideological inclinations.

No, because “party in the electorate” refers to the administration of the party’s institutions.

QUESTION 51

During the 2016 presidential election Donald Trump’s and Bernie Sander’s positions on trade policy were viewed as similar, but Trump emphasized the role of the Democratic Party in trade policy, whereas Sanders focused on class divisions. This is an example of how

Republicans explain division between the parties as a split in partisan coalitions intrade policy.

Democrats align to the left on public policy.

Republicans explain party competition as an ideological battle between the left and right, whereas Democrats view the division as group competition between the richand the vulnerable.

Democrats explain divisions between the parties as a group competition between the left and right.

QUESTION 52

The partisan complexion of a state or district

has little impact on the results of an election.

is very important in elections, but not as important as a candidate’s resume.

is very important in elections, but in the end, it has little impact on the ability of candidates to recruit volunteers to help their campaign.

is the central feature of the reality that confronts candidates for office. The Media Influence the Criteria Citizens Use to Make Judgments Paper. 

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Principles of Finance 1 Essay

Assignment Details:

Dimensional Fund Advisors, an investment consulting firm, is a believer in market efficiency and its managers make money by applying this strong belief. Go to the following website and find information about Dimensional Fund Advisors and the process they follow: http://us.dimensional.com/

After reading all the available information carefully and doing some additional research on your own, prepare a two page (double-spaced) essay presenting the investment consulting firm and answer the following question. “How do this firm and others make money by taking advantage of the Efficient Market Hypothesis?” Cite references to material that you use in preparing the essay. Principles of Finance 1 Essay

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You may find some additional, helpful information here: http://www.oakwoodcap.com/library/dimensional-fund-advisors-library/

Your essay will be graded on the following criteria:

1. Described at least 4 of the following elements:

• Definition of market efficiency,
• Availability of information,
• Arbitrage,
• Risk versus return,
• Portfolio management, and
• Indexing.

2. Discussed at least 2 of the following topics in discussing how to make a profit by taking advantage of the Efficient Market Hypothesis: Arbitrage Risk versus return Indexing, Portfolio management.

3. Used at least one example in the essay.

Principles of Finance 1 Essay 

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Task
Details of the case:
• This is an individual task
• Answer all 5 questions at the end of the case
• The contents page should breakdown the structure of your case (Introduction, Mainbody, Conclusions etc.)
• The report should be uploaded in pdf format
Formalities:
• Wordcount: 1500 words
• Cover, Table of Contents, References and Appendix are excluded of the total wordcount.
• Font: Arial 12,5 pts.
• Text alignment: Justified.
• The in-text References and the Bibliography have to be in Harvard’s citation style.
High Context Low Context Sales and Sales Leadership
SOURCE: http://www.marin.edu/buscom/index_files/Page605.htm
Anthropologist Edward T. Hall’s theory of high- and low-context culture helps us better understand the
powerful effect culture has on communication. A key factor in his theory is context. This relates to the
framework, background, and surrounding circumstances in which communication or an event takes place.
The following summary highlights the problems facing low-context North Americans when they interact
with people from high-context cultures.
High-context cultures (including much of the Middle East, Asia, Africa, and South America) are relational,
collectivist, intuitive, and contemplative. This means that people in these cultures emphasize interpersonal
relationships.
Developing trust is an important first step to any business transaction. According to Hall, these cultures are
collectivist, preferring group harmony and consensus to individual achievement. And people in these cultures
are less governed by reason than by intuition or feelings. Words are not so important as context, which might
include the speaker’s tone of voice, facial expression, gestures, posture—and even the person’s family history
and status. A Japanese manager explained his culture’s communication style to an American: “We are a
homogeneous people and don’t have to speak as much as you do here. When we say one word, we
understand ten, but here you have to say ten to understand one.” High-context communication tends to be
more indirect and more formal. Flowery language, humility, and elaborate apologies are typical.
Low-context cultures (including North America and much of Western Europe) are logical, linear,
individualistic, and action-oriented.
People from low-context cultures value logic, facts, and directness. Solving a problem means lining up the facts
and evaluating one after another. Decisions are based on fact rather than intuition. Discussions end with actions.
And communicators are expected to be straightforward, concise, and efficient in telling what action is expected.
To be absolutely clear, they strive to use precise words and intend them to be taken literally. Explicit contracts
conclude negotiations. This is very different from communicators in high-context cultures who depend less on
language precision and legal documents. High-context business people may even distrust contracts and be
offended by the lack of trust they suggest.
These questions must be answered within the context of your report:

1. Pick a sales organization and describe the organization in terms of (i) the sales management function (ii) How sales
   forms part of the overall company strategy.
2. Pick a purchasing organization and describe the organization in terms of (i) the purchasing function (ii) How
   purchasing forms part of the overall company strategy.
3. Using the information above and using the sales organization, develop example scenarios of a Low Context and
   High Context partnership (two countries). Describe how selling might need to be adapted in these scenarios.
4. Using the information above and using the purchasing organization, develop example scenarios of a Low Context
   and High Context partnership (two countries). Describe how purchasing might need to be adapted in these
   scenarios.
5. How would sales leadership be adapted in the scenarios described in question 3.
   Submission: Week 9 – Via Moodle (Turnitin). Sunday 28
   th March at 23:59
   Weight: This task is a 20% of your total grade for this subject.
   It assesses the following learning outcomes:
   • Understand the sales management function as part of the overall company strategy.
   • Evaluate the sales operations management functions and its role in salesforce effectiveness and productivity.
   • Apply procurement strategies to effective account management.

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Assignment Content

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Promoting international trade is not a zero-sum game. It is a win-win proposition; both parties gain from trade.

Consider the following:

1. • Tariffs are paid by the citizens of the country imposing tariffs, not by the citizens of the country producing the products upon which the tariffs are levied.
   • The term “trade deficits” is a misnomer. Every country’s trade is always in balance.
   • Trade deficits do not mean the US no longer produces anything to export. The US is the world’s second largest manufacturer and the world’s second largest exporter of manufactured goods.
   • Trade deficits reflect a strong economy. Trade deficits rise during economic expansions and fall during economic contractions. Unemployment falls as trade deficits rise and rises as trade deficits fall.
   • Imports and exports are complements, not competitors. Both are necessary and both contribute to economic growth.
   • Roughly one-third of all US imports and exports is trade between US multinational companies and their overseas subsidiaries.
   • Foreign-owned companies operating in the US number in the thousands and provide directly or indirectly jobs for more than 13 million US workers (roughly, 10% of the US workforce).
   • US trade deficit in goods in 2018 (as a % of GDP) was the same as it was 5, 10 and 15 years earlier.
   • The rise in US goods trade deficit with China has not increased the US total goods trade deficit. It has been offset by reduced goods imports from other trading partners.
   • There is a strong correlation between the rise in world trade and:
   • The rise in world GDP
   • The dramatic fall in the world’s extreme poverty rate
   • The rise in world life expectancy
   • For every US manufacturing job lost to trade between 2000 and 2010, seven US jobs were lost to domestic productivity improvements. Those seven jobs cannot be brought back from overseas because they never left the US.

Write a 700- to 1,050-word evaluation of credible economists’ unbiased opinions on the benefits, costs, and results of current US trade and tariff policies. Complete the following in your evaluation:

1. • Evaluate how US trade policy changes in the last 2 years affect global trade activities by multinational corporations.
   • Discuss credible economists’ opinions on the long-term effects of trade and tariff policies changes in the last 2 years.
   • Explain the effect of recent changes to trade and tariff policies have had on your employer, you, or someone you know.

Cite at least 2 academically credible sources.

Format your assignment according to APA guidelines.

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