The Applications of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Paper
This is for a discussion post so send me this answer and I will have 2 replies for you to do. They didn’t give me any sources this week. Just do your best it is always good enough Thanks!
There are significant differences in the applications of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for families and individuals. The same is true for CBT in group settings and CBT in family settings. In your role, it is essential to understand these differences to appropriately apply this therapeutic approach across multiple settings. For this Discussion, as you compare the use of CBT in individual, group, and family settings, consider challenges of using this approach with groups you may lead, as well as strategies for overcoming those challenges. The Applications of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Paper .
By Day 3
Post an explanation of how the use of CBT in groups compares to its use in family or individual settings. Explain at least two challenges PMHNPs might encounter when using CBT in one of these settings. Support your response with specific examples from this week’s media and at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources. Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly and attach the PDFs of your sources.
Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the most extensively researched psychotherapeutic modalities which is being used either in conjunction with psychotropic drugs or alone in various psychiatric disorders. CBT is a short-term psychotherapeutic approach that is designed to influence dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and cognitions through a goal-oriented, systematic procedure. Recent advances in CBT suggest that there is a fresh look on a “third wave” CBT that has a greater impact and newer application that may mitigate the sufferings of mentally ill patients.
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in order to overcome behavioral problems such as anxiety, depression or fear, individuals usually communicate their problems or anxieties with their trusted friends or family members. In case of somewhat complicated problem, a counselor is consulted. These are a relatively simple form of psychotherapies that individuals have been practicing for centuries. However, with the development of modern science and advancements in the field of Psychology, theorists have identified some more effective approaches for psychoanalysis. One of these approaches is cognitive behavioral treatment or therapy (CBT). CBT of depression is a psychotherapeutic treatment approach that involves the application of specific, empirically supported strategies focused on changing negative thinking patterns and altering behavior. Cognitive therapy teaches a client the connection between thought patterns, emotional state, and behavior. This therapy encourages the client to change irrational and negative thinking patterns in order to alleviate the emotional symptoms that are caused by the thoughts. These approaches were developed as a result of modern psychological research and are therefore based on scientific principles.
Introduction
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) represents a combination of behavioral and cognitive theories of human behavior, psychopathology, and a melding of emotional, familial, and peer influences. There are several subclasses of the psychotherapy CBT some of these include, Rational Emotional Behavior, Cognitive, Rational Living, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy among others. CBT builds a set of skills that enables an individual to be aware of thoughts and emotions; identify how situations, thoughts, and behaviors influence emotions; and improve feelings by changing dysfunctional thoughts and behaviors (Cully,J., Teten, A.,2008). This topic/theory is chosen because it targets multiple areas of potential vulnerability (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, affective) with developmentally-guided strategies and traverses multiple intervention pathways. The target group or populations in which this research will address include psychological disorders in youth and adolescents. This paper will discuss the framework and review why this practice is a staple for therapeutic practices. The application of CBT within the mental health field will be reviewed and rationalized as to why this particular theory is chosen for future practice.
History of CBT
True to its name, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) emerged as a rational amalgam of behavioral and cognitive theories of human behavior, causal and maintaining forces in psychopathology, and targets for intervention (Kendall & Hollon, 1979). The Applications of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Paper .CBT was originally developed to treat depression, and has since been adapted to the treatment of anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia (Wenzel, A., Brown, G. K., & Karlin, B. E. (2011). CBT was developed by Aaron Beck in the 1960’s, this began with development that blended the elements of behavioral therapy with cognitive therapy. Thus, although behavioral therapies and cognitive approaches seemed to develop in parallel paths, over time the two approaches merged into what is now called cognitive-behavioral therapy ( Milkman,H., Wanberg,K.(2007). It stems from the initial approach of Rational Emotive Therapy (RET). Assumptions of cognitive behavioral therapy were initially developed by Albert Ellis in Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and, then, later altered by Aaron Beck with Cognitive Therapy (CT) and Donald Meichenbaum with Cognitive Behavioral Modification.(CBM) (Spicer, A.2005).Within REBT is a directive, persuasive, and confrontational form of therapy in which the therapist fulfills the role of a teacher. Clients have negative ‘irrational’ thoughts when faced with an activating event. When or if clients confront these thoughts and change them, the theory is wanted changes in behaviors/reactions will follow. Cognitive therapy incorporates open ended questions to allow reflection, to address and resolve a person’s issues themselves.
The numerous strategies that comprise CBT reflect its complex and integrative history. Following from early respondent conditioning theories (Bandura, 1977), CBT incorporates concepts such as extinction and habituation. CBT went on to integrate modeling and cognitive restructuring strategies from social learning and cognitive theories. In addition, focus on self-talk and problem solving are each evident in CBT’s general focus on fostering the development of personal coping strategies and mastery of emotional and cognitive processes. Consistent with a tripartite view (cognition, behavior, emotion) of psychopathology (Barlow, 2000), CBT targets these multiple areas of vulnerability and avenues of intervention.
Research provides a history of CBT as applied to youth psychopathology. This history can be traced back to the 1960’s when the value and effectiveness of the prevailing psychodynamic perspective was questioned (Levitt, 1963) and found to be lacking. Behavior therapy consequently gained distinction but, in the 1960s, these therapies were initially controversial and primarily relegated to the treatment of behavior dysfunction in severely disordered children. It was not until the mid to late 1970’s that the continuing expansion of behavioral therapies reached higher functioning clients, integrated the role of cognitive processing, and incorporated a focus on emotions. The transition did not happen at once. In the end, social cognitive processing, psychology of self-control, and emotion regulation were blended into behavioral interventions and,emerged as CBT of the present day. The Applications of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Paper .
Before there was CBT, there was behavioral therapy which initially was controversial and underestimated however ultimately paved the way for empirically-supported treatments for mental health disorders of youth. For example, the Mowrers’ ‘bell-and-pad’ procedure for the treatment of enuresis is an often-cited example of an early behavioral intervention. Though clinical applications of behavioral strategies did not begin in seriousness until the 1960’s,initial work set the stage by targeting and addressing observable behavior and by measuring outcomes for later child cognitive-behavioral interventions.
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Chosen Theory
Respondent conditioning explanations of behavior influenced early behavior therapy, particularly for the treatment of anxiety. In respondent conditioning, a conditioned stimulus (CS) closely follows an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that elicits an unconditioned response (UCR) of fear. After repeated pairings, the CS alone will elicit the conditioned response (CR) of fear. Respondent conditioning was historically important in birthing notions of exposure tasks for the treatment of anxiety, now a well-established example, if not hallmark, of modern CBT for child anxiety (Barrios, O’Dell, 1998). Children often try a number of behaviors and then learn from consequences. One example of this is smoking, if you try smoking and you are accepted within the crowd of peers this is a positive reinforcement and a child will likely repeat the behavior. If the same child is caught and disciplined the likelihood of continuing the behavior is minimized and less likely to be repeated (McLeod,S. 2007).These possibilities play a major role in the shaping of behavior over time. Environments low in predictable and preferred contingencies may lead to decreased self-efficacy and maladjustment.
Many behavioral processes continue to be used within CBT. Over time, behavioral therapy began to address the thought processes and cognitive skills that were seen as involved in the implementation and receipt of contingency management and came to be implemented among less severe populations. This change to higher-functioning youth and to an increased awareness of the role of cognition was an important part of the conversion to CBT. Many behavioral interventions, and cognitive-behavioral interventions, were initiated and researched with children in mind. They were not borrowed adult treatments, or downward extensions of adult treatments applied with children. To its credit, cognitive-behavioral therapies with youth were intentionally developmentally-sensitive and research-informed interventions. The Applications of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Paper.
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