With the convention and meetings industry currently in a holding pattern due to

travel and 

attendance issues, many of us have become “armchair travelers” as we anticipate the return of 

safe travel and convention attendance with confidence.  For this assignment, the sky’

s the limit 

as 

you 

explore the world of conventions and meetings to

identify a 

conference 

you might like to 

attend in the future.  Using resources found in websites linked in course content or other industry 

sites

, select a convention you’d like to attend anywhere in the world and describe your findings 

in a 

one-page, single-

spaced

profile

including the items below

.   

Heading: 

Name

Course 

Assignment 

Date

C

onvention Profile

: 

Include the name of the convention, conference or 

meeting, the primary sponsor(s) and a brief 

statement describing the chief focus or mission.

Location:   

List the c

ountry, region, state, city, etc.  Vi

rtual conventions are also acceptable.

Website:

Include the convention or meeting 

website lin

k.  (Confirm that it’s active before submitting the 

assignment.)

Event Date

s: 

Include opening and closing dates.

Registration Fee

s: 

Note the registration fees for the con

vention, conference or meeting.

 (Include keynote address 

and general conference seminars and meeting

s only; omit food and beverage 

fees

, lodging or 

other optional event fees.)

Your Interest

: 

Include several sentences describing what you would expect to gain from attending the 

convention or meeting. 

Highlight:

Identify a specific workshop, seminar or training

you would attend and explain what you might 

gain from the experience. 

Value:

Ten points for including all required items above and proofreading before submitting.

 

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Culture and Emotional Expression

Please remember that full points are only earned by answering ALL questions thoroughly, clearly and grammatically correct, as well as in response to classmate discussions.  You are constructing paragraphs ( 4-5 sentences!) not bullet points.

1.  What has Dr. Tsai’s research center on?  How did her interest in culture and emotions begin?  What was the false stereotype that influenced her desire to do research in this area?  

2. How has the concept of WEIRDOS (you may need to review from your book) influenced the research prior to Dr.  Tsai’s research?   There are several references within this video that identify how assumptions were made based on WEIRDOS.   Give 2 examples of what was identified between Euro-American culture and Asian culture in the video and explain the differences.

3. What have been her findings between how people want to feel (or assume they should feel) and how they really feel?  Take a minute to think about this in your life.  Can you think of a time when you didn’t feel how you wanted to feel?  Explain it.

4.  What is the example used in the video to explain cultural context and managing bi-polar disorder?  What were the differences again between Euro-Americans and Chinese on the management of this disorder?  What other factor(s) might be influences why Americans do not want to take medication for this disorder?  

5.  What does she see as some exciting new research that will be done in the area of emotions in the future?  

6.  After viewing this do you think your culture has had an effect on your emotional responses?

 

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This is a discussion post. Please make sure is at least 2 paragraph

PLEASE USE at least one SCHOLARLY PEER-Review REFERENCE, Healthy People 2020 and this book below

Jarvis, C. (2016). Physical examination & health assessment (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

The topic this week asks you to apply what you have learned to the following case study.

As the school nurse working in a college health clinic, you see many opportunities to promote health. Maria is a 40-year-old Hispanic who is in her second year of nursing school. She complains of a 14-pound weight gain since starting school and is afraid of what this will do to both her appearance and health if the trend continues. After conducting her history, you learn that she is an excellent cook and she and her family love to eat foods that reflect their Hispanic heritage. She is married with two school-age children. She attends class a total of 15 hours per week, plus she must be present for 12 hours of labs and clinical. She maintains the household essentially by herself and does all the shopping, cooking, cleaning, and chauffeuring of the children. She states that she is lucky to get 6 hours of sleep per night, but that is okay with her. She lives 1 hour from campus and commutes each day. Using Healthy People 2020 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and your text as a guide, answer the following questions.

1. What additional information would you like to gather from Maria?
2. What are Maria’s real and potential health risks?
3. Why is Maria’s culture important when obtaining the health assessment?
4. Pick one of Maria’s health risks. What would be one reasonable short-term goal for this risk?
5. What nursing interventions would you incorporate into Maria’s plan of care to assist her with meeting your chosen goal? Please provide rationale for your selections.

 

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Management Performance- PowerPoint slides-

Creating a successful performance management communication plan is vital. There are six basic components

associated with a performance management communication plan, which can be reviewed in Figure 7-1, page 199

in your textbook.

For this assignment, create a PowerPoint presentation for an organization of your choice, which is located in the

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In this communication plan, which will be presented to new organizational employees

(during orientation), address the following:

 Provide information about your organization (specifically detailing its mission, vision, and values).

 Explain the importance of performance management and why your organization values

performance management.

 Explain how the performance management system utilized is aligned with your organization’s

strategy. Note: You can suggest a performance management system or use the one that the

company currently has.

 Explain what type of performance management system you believe is best for the organization

and justify why.

 Explain the benefits of the performance management system to newly hired employees.

Specifically, address the question, “What’s in it for me?”

 Explain how the performance management system, for your selected organization, works.

 Critique the organization’s performance management system (which is currently used by the

company or the system that you selected). Note the benefits and drawbacks of this system and

offer recommendations for improvements.

Your presentation should meet the following structural requirements:

 Be 11 slides in length, with a minimum of eight content slides in addition to one title slide, an

agenda slide, and at least one reference slide.

 Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of four scholarly

articles in the speaker’s notes as well as the reference slide.  Two of these sources may be from

the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but two must be external. The Saudi Digital Library is a

good place to find these sources and should be your primary resource for conducting research.

 Presentation notes are required for each slide and should be put in the speaker’s notes

section to support the slide content. These can be part of the presentation or delivered as a

separate document. If you opt for the former, be aware that the presentation cannot be

submitted in PDF format, which does not make notes visible to the instructor.

 

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Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis

The dataset to use to complete this assignment  is “MN Admission” dataset

Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis

For this assignment, you should choose one dataset from the list/links below. You should then analyze the dataset you chose using Excel Analysis ToolPak or RStudio (for bonus points)

Six Datasets to select and use for analysis in this class :

Minnesota Healthcare Database.xlsx

Medicare National Data by County

MN Hospital Report Data by Care Unit FY2013

MN HCCIS Imaging Procedures 2013

MEPS Dental Files

MEPS Inpatient Stay Database

You should develop an analysis report, in five main sections, including (1) Introduction, (2) Analysis (including research questions/objective, data set used, research method, and analysis steps), (3) Results (tables, graphs, and discussion of results), (4) Conclusion and health policy recommendations. This is a 5-6 page individual project report.

Here are the main steps for this assignment.

Step 1: You submitted a topic you plan to use for this assignment in week 1. If the Professor has approved that topic for you to use then carry on. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

Step 2: Develop the research question for that approved topic. Then, select the data set you could use to answer the research question, plan the research method you would use, the tables and graphs you would create using the data you have analyzed, and the analysis steps you would take. Refer to the instructions on the Report Structure below.

Step 3:  Run the analysis using Microsoft EXCEL Analysis ToolPak (or RStudio if that is the software you chose in Week 1) and report the findings based on the instructions below.

The Report Structure:

Start with the

1. Cover page (1 page, including running head).

Please look at the example http://www.apastyle.org/manual/related/sample-experiment-paper-1.pdf (you can download the file from the class) and http://www.umgc.edu/library/libhow/apa_tutorial.cfm to learn more about the APA style.

Your title page should include:

Title, this is the approved topic by your instructor.

Student name

Class name

Instructor name

Date

2. Introduction

Introduce the problem or topic being investigated. Include relevant background information, for example;

Indicates why this is an issue or topic worth researching;

Highlight how others have researched this topic or issue (whether quantitatively or qualitatively), and

Specify how others have operationalized this concept and measured these phenomena

Note: Introduction should not be more than one or two paragraphs.

Literature Review

There is no need for a literature review in this assignment

3. Research Question or Research Hypothesis

What is the Research Question or Research Hypothesis?

***Just in time information: Here are a few points for Research Question or Research Hypothesis

There are basically two kinds of research questions: testable and non-testable. Neither is better than the other, and both have a place in applied research.

Examples of non-testable questions are:

How do managers feel about the reorganization?

What do residents feel are the most important problems facing the community?

Respondents’ answers to these questions could be summarized in descriptive tables and the results might be extremely valuable to administrators and planners. Business and social science researchers often ask non-testable research questions. The shortcoming with these types of questions is that they do not provide objective cut-off points for decision-makers.

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In order to overcome this problem, researchers often seek to answer one or more testable research questions. Nearly all testable research questions begin with one of the following two phrases:

Is there a significant difference between …?

Is there a significant relationship between …?

For example:

Is there a significant relationship between the age of managers? and their attitudes towards the reorganization?

A research hypothesis is a testable statement of opinion. It is created from the research question by replacing the words “Is there” with the words “There is,” and also replacing the question mark with a period. The hypotheses for the two sample research questions would be:

There is a significant relationship between the age of managers and their attitudes towards the reorganization.

It is not possible to test a hypothesis directly. Instead, you must turn the hypothesis into a null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is created from the hypothesis by adding the words “no” or “not” to the statement. For example, the null hypotheses for the two examples would be:

There is no significant relationship between the age of managers

and their attitudes towards the reorganization.

There is no significant difference between white and minority residents

with respect to what they feel are the most important problems facing the community. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

All statistical testing is done on the null hypothesis…never the hypothesis. The result of a statistical test will enable you to either:

1) reject the null hypothesis, or

2) fail to reject the null hypothesis. Never use the words “accept the null hypothesis.”

*Source: StatPac for Windows Tutorial. (2017). User’s Guide; Formulating Hypotheses from Research Questions. Retrieved May 17, 2019 from https://statpac.com/manual/index.htm?turl=formulatinghypothesesfromresearchquestions.htm

What does significance really mean?

“Significance is a statistical term that tells how sure you are that a difference or relationship exists.  To say that a significant difference or relationship exists only tells half the story.  We might be very sure that a relationship exists, but is it a strong, moderate, or weak relationship?  After finding a significant relationship, it is important to evaluate its strength.  Significant relationships can be strong or weak.  Significant differences can be large or small.  It just depends on your sample size.

To determine whether the observed difference is statistically significant, we look at two outputs of our statistical test:

P-value: The primary output of statistical tests is the p-value (probability value). It indicates the probability of observing the difference if no difference exists.

The p-value from above example, 0.9926, indicates that we DO NOT expect to see a meaningless (random) difference of 5% or more in ‘hospital beds’ only about 993 times in 1000 there is no difference (0.9926*1000=992.6 ~ 993).

Note: This is an example from the week1 exercise.

The p-value from above example, 0.0001, indicates that we’d expect to see a meaningless (random) ‘number of the employees on payer’ difference of 5% or more only about 0.1 times in 1000 (0.0001 * 1000=0.1).

CI around Difference: A confidence interval around a difference that does not cross zero also indicates statistical significance. The graph below shows the 95% confidence interval around the difference between hospital beds in 2011 and 2012 (CI: [-40.82 ; 40.44]):

CI around Difference: A confidence interval around a difference that does not cross zero also indicates statistical significance. The graph below shows the 95% confidence interval around the difference between hospital beds in 2011 and 2012 (CI: [-382.16 ; 125.53]):

The boundaries of this confidence interval around the difference also provide a way to see what the upper [40.44] and lower bounds [-40.82].

As a summary:

“Statistically significant means a result is unlikely due to chance.

The p-value is the probability of obtaining the difference we saw from a sample (or a larger one) if there really isn’t a difference for all users.

Statistical significance doesn’t mean practical significance. Only by considering context can we determine whether a difference is practically significant; that is, whether it requires action.

The confidence interval around the difference also indicates statistical significance if the interval does not cross zero. It also provides likely boundaries for any improvement to aide in determining if a difference really is noteworthy.

With large sample sizes, you’re virtually certain to see statistically significant results, in such situations, it’s important to interpret the size of the difference”(“Measuring U”, 2019).

*Resource

Measuring U. (2019). Statistically significant. Retrieved May 17, 2019 from: https://measuringu.com/statistically-significant/

Small sample sizes often do not yield statistical significance; when they do, the differences themselves tend also to be practically significant; that is, meaningful enough to warrant action.

4. Research Method

Discuss the Research Methodology (in general). Describe the variable or variables that are being analyzed. Identify the statistical test you will select to analyze these data and explain why you chose this test.  Summarize your statistical alternative hypothesis. This section includes the following sub-sections:

a) Describe the Dataset

Example:  The primary source of data will be HOSPITAL COMPARE MEDICARE DATA (citation). This dataset provides information on hospital characteristics, such as: Number of staffed beds, ownership, system membership, staffing by nurses and non-clinical staff, teaching status, percentage of discharge for Medicare and Medicaid patients, and information regarding the availability of specialty and high-tech services, as well as Electronic Medical Record (EMR) use (Describe dataset in 2-3 lines, Google the dataset and find the related website to find more information about the data).

Also, describe the sample size; for example, “The writer is using Medicare data-2013, this data includes 3000 obs. for all of the hospitals in the US.”

b) Describe Variables

Next, review the database you selected and select a variable or variables that are a “best-fit.”  That is, choose a variable that quantitatively measures the concept or concepts articulated in your research question or hypothesis.

Return to your previously stated Research Question or Hypothesis and evaluate it considering the variables you have selected. (See the sample Table 1).

Table 1. List of variables used for the analysis

Variable

Definition

Description of data code

Source

Year

Total Hospital Beds

Total facility beds set up and staffed at the end of the reporting period

Numeric

MN Data

2013

….

…..

Source: UMGC, 2019

***Just in time information:

To cite a dataset, you can go with two approaches:

First, look at the note in the dataset for example;

Medicare National Data by County. (2012). Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care

Second, use the online citation, for example:

Zare, H., (2019, May). MN Hospital Report Data. Data posted in University of Maryland University College HMGT 400 online classroom, archived at http://campus.umgc.edu

See two examples describing the variables from Minnesota Data:

Table 2. Definition of variables used in the analysis

Variable

Definition

Description

of code

Source

Year

hospital_beds

Total facility beds set up and staffed at the end of the reporting period

Numeric

MN data

2013

year

FY

Categorical

MN data

2013

Source: UMGC, 2019

c) Describe the Research Method for Analysis

First, describe the research method as general (e.g., this is a quantitative method and then explain this method in about one paragraph. If you have this part in the introduction, you do not need to add it here).

Then, explain the statistical method you plan to use for your analysis (Refer to content in week 3 on Biostatistics for information on various statistical methods you can choose from).

Example:

Hypothesis:  AZ hospitals are more likely to have lower readmission rates for PN compared to CA.

Research Method:  To determine whether Arizona hospitals are more likely to have lower readmission rate than California, we will use a t-test, to determine whether differences across hospital types are statistically significant (You can change the test depends on your analysis). Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

d) Describe statistical package

Add one paragraph for the statistical package, e.g., Excel or RStudio.

5. Results

Discuss your findings considering the following tips:

▪ Why you needed to see the distribution of data before any analysis (e.g., check for outliers, finding the best fit-test; for example, if the data had not a normal distribution, you can’t use the parametric test, etc., so just add 1 or 2 sentences).

▪ Did you eliminate outliers? (Please write 1 or 2 sentences, if applicable).

▪ How many observations do you have in your database and how many for selected variables, report % of missing.

▪ When you are finished with this, go for the next steps:

Present the results of your statistical analysis; include any relevant statistical information (summary tables, including N, mean, std. dev.). Make sure to completely and correctly name all your columns and rows, tables, and variables. For this part you could have at least 1-2 tables and 1-2 figures (depending on your variables bar-chart, pi-chart, or scatter-plot), you can use a table like this:

Table 3. Descriptive analysis to compare % of BL in Medicare beneficiary, MD vs. VA- 2013

Variable

Obs.

Mean

SD

P-value

Per of Lipid in MD

24

83.20

2.32

0.4064

Per of Lipid in VA

124

82.69

4.41

Source: UMGC, 2019

When you have tables and plots ready, think about your finding and state the statistical conclusion.  That is, do the results present evidence in favor or the null hypothesis or evidence that contradicts the null hypothesis?

6. Conclusion and Discussion

Review your research questions or hypothesis.

How has your analysis informed this question or hypothesis?  Present your conclusion(s) from the results (presented above) and discuss the meaning of this conclusion(s) considering the research question or hypothesis presented in your introduction.

At the end of this section, add one or two sentences and discuss the limitations (including biases) associated with this analysis and any other statements you think are important in understanding the results of this analysis.

References

Include a reference page listing the bibliographic information for all sources cited in this report. This information should be consistent with the requirements specified in the American Psychological Association (APA) format and style guide.

For this assignment, you should choose one dataset from the list/links below. You should then analyze the dataset you chose using Excel Analysis ToolPak or RStudio (for bonus points)

 

Six Datasets to select and use for analysis in this class :

 

Minnesota Healthcare Database.xlsx

 

Medicare National Data by County

 

MN Hospital Report Data by Care Unit FY2013

 

MN HCCIS Imaging Procedures 2013

 

MEPS Dental Files

 

MEPS Inpatient Stay Database

 

You should develop an analysis report, in five main sections, including (1) Introduction, (2) Analysis (including research questions/objective, data set used, research method, and analysis steps), (3) Results (tables, graphs, and discussion of results), (4) Conclusion and health policy recommendations. This is a 5-6 page individual project report.

 

Here are the main steps for this assignment.

 

Step 1: You submitted a topic you plan to use for this assignment in week 1. If the Professor has approved that topic for you to use then carry on.

 

Step 2: Develop the research question for that approved topic. Then, select the data set you could use to answer the research question, plan the research method you would use, the tables and graphs you would create using the data you have analyzed, and the analysis steps you would take. Refer to the instructions on the Report Structure below.

 

Step 3:  Run the analysis using Microsoft EXCEL Analysis ToolPak (or RStudio if that is the software you chose in Week 1) and report the findings based on the instructions below.

The Report Structure:

Start with the

1. Cover page (1 page, including running head).

Please look at the example http://www.apastyle.org/manual/related/sample-experiment-paper-1.pdf (you can download the file from the class) and http://www.umgc.edu/library/libhow/apa_tutorial.cfm to learn more about the APA style.

Your title page should include:

Title, this is the approved topic by your instructor.

Student name

Class name

Instructor name

Date

2. Introduction

Introduce the problem or topic being investigated. Include relevant background information, for example;

Indicates why this is an issue or topic worth researching;

Highlight how others have researched this topic or issue (whether quantitatively or qualitatively), and

Specify how others have operationalized this concept and measured these phenomena

Note: Introduction should not be more than one or two paragraphs. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

Literature Review

There is no need for a literature review in this assignment

3. Research Question or Research Hypothesis

What is the Research Question or Research Hypothesis?

***Just in time information: Here are a few points for Research Question or Research Hypothesis

There are basically two kinds of research questions: testable and non-testable. Neither is better than the other, and both have a place in applied research. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

Examples of non-testable questions are:

How do managers feel about the reorganization?

What do residents feel are the most important problems facing the community?

Respondents’ answers to these questions could be summarized in descriptive tables and the results might be extremely valuable to administrators and planners. Business and social science researchers often ask non-testable research questions. The shortcoming with these types of questions is that they do not provide objective cut-off points for decision-makers.

In order to overcome this problem, researchers often seek to answer one or more testable research questions. Nearly all testable research questions begin with one of the following two phrases:

Is there a significant difference between …?

Is there a significant relationship between …?

For example:

 

Is there a significant relationship between the age of managers? and their attitudes towards the reorganization?

 

A research hypothesis is a testable statement of opinion. It is created from the research question by replacing the words “Is there” with the words “There is,” and also replacing the question mark with a period. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .The hypotheses for the two sample research questions would be:

 

There is a significant relationship between the age of managers and their attitudes towards the reorganization.

 

It is not possible to test a hypothesis directly. Instead, you must turn the hypothesis into a null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is created from the hypothesis by adding the words “no” or “not” to the statement. For example, the null hypotheses for the two examples would be:

There is no significant relationship between the age of managers

and their attitudes towards the reorganization.

There is no significant difference between white and minority residents

with respect to what they feel are the most important problems facing the community.

All statistical testing is done on the null hypothesis…never the hypothesis. The result of a statistical test will enable you to either:

1) reject the null hypothesis, or

2) fail to reject the null hypothesis. Never use the words “accept the null hypothesis.”

*Source: StatPac for Windows Tutorial. (2017). User’s Guide; Formulating Hypotheses from Research Questions. Retrieved May 17, 2019 from https://statpac.com/manual/index.htm?turl=formulatinghypothesesfromresearchquestions.htm

What does significance really mean?

“Significance is a statistical term that tells how sure you are that a difference or relationship exists.  To say that a significant difference or relationship exists only tells half the story.  We might be very sure that a relationship exists, but is it a strong, moderate, or weak relationship?  Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .After finding a significant relationship, it is important to evaluate its strength.  Significant relationships can be strong or weak.  Significant differences can be large or small.  It just depends on your sample size.

To determine whether the observed difference is statistically significant, we look at two outputs of our statistical test:

P-value: The primary output of statistical tests is the p-value (probability value). It indicates the probability of observing the difference if no difference exists.

Example of Welch Two Sample T-test from Exercise 1

The p-value from above example, 0.9926, indicates that we DO NOT expect to see a meaningless (random) difference of 5% or more in ‘hospital beds’ only about 993 times in 1000 there is no difference (0.9926*1000=992.6 ~ 993).

Note: This is an example from the week1 exercise.

An example from Exercise 1

The p-value from above example, 0.0001, indicates that we’d expect to see a meaningless (random) ‘number of the employees on payer’ difference of 5% or more only about 0.1 times in 1000 (0.0001 * 1000=0.1).

CI around Difference: A confidence interval around a difference that does not cross zero also indicates statistical significance. The graph below shows the 95% confidence interval around the difference between hospital beds in 2011 and 2012 (CI: [-40.82 ; 40.44]):

Confidence Interval Example

CI around Difference: A confidence interval around a difference that does not cross zero also indicates statistical significance. The graph below shows the 95% confidence interval around the difference between hospital beds in 2011 and 2012 (CI: [-382.16 ; 125.53]):Confidence Interval Example

The boundaries of this confidence interval around the difference also provide a way to see what the upper [40.44] and lower bounds [-40.82].

As a summary:

“Statistically significant means a result is unlikely due to chance.

The p-value is the probability of obtaining the difference we saw from a sample (or a larger one) if there really isn’t a difference for all users.

Statistical significance doesn’t mean practical significance. Only by considering context can we determine whether a difference is practically significant; that is, whether it requires action.

The confidence interval around the difference also indicates statistical significance if the interval does not cross zero. It also provides likely boundaries for any improvement to aide in determining if a difference really is noteworthy.

With large sample sizes, you’re virtually certain to see statistically significant results, in such situations, it’s important to interpret the size of the difference”(“Measuring U”, 2019).

*Resource

Measuring U. (2019). Statistically significant. Retrieved May 17, 2019 from: https://measuringu.com/statistically-significant/

Small sample sizes often do not yield statistical significance; when they do, the differences themselves tend also to be practically significant; that is, meaningful enough to warrant action. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

4. Research Method

Discuss the Research Methodology (in general). Describe the variable or variables that are being analyzed. Identify the statistical test you will select to analyze these data and explain why you chose this test.  Summarize your statistical alternative hypothesis. This section includes the following sub-sections: 

1. a) Describe the Dataset

Example:  The primary source of data will be HOSPITAL COMPARE MEDICARE DATA (citation). This dataset provides information on hospital characteristics, such as: Number of staffed beds, ownership, system membership, staffing by nurses and non-clinical staff, teaching status, percentage of discharge for Medicare and Medicaid patients, and information regarding the availability of specialty and high-tech services, as well as Electronic Medical Record (EMR) use (Describe dataset in 2-3 lines, Google the dataset and find the related website to find more information about the data).

Also, describe the sample size; for example, “The writer is using Medicare data-2013, this data includes 3000 obs. for all of the hospitals in the US.”

1. b) Describe Variables

Next, review the database you selected and select a variable or variables that are a “best-fit.”  That is, choose a variable that quantitatively measures the concept or concepts articulated in your research question or hypothesis.

Return to your previously stated Research Question or Hypothesis and evaluate it considering the variables you have selected. (See the sample Table 1).

Table 1. List of variables used for the analysis

Table 1. List of variables used for the analysis

Variable	Definition	Description of data code	Source	Year
Total Hospital Beds	Total facility beds set up and staffed at the end of the reporting period	Numeric	MN Data	2013
….
…..

 

Source: UMGC, 2019

 

***Just in time information:

 

To cite a dataset, you can go with two approaches:

First, look at the note in the dataset for example;

Medicare National Data by County. (2012). Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care

Second, use the online citation, for example:

Zare, H., (2019, May). MN Hospital Report Data. Data posted in University of Maryland University College HMGT 400 online classroom, archived at http://campus.umgc.edu

See two examples describing the variables from Minnesota Data:

Table 2. Definition of variables used in the analysis

Variable	Definition	Description of code	Source	Year
hospital_beds	Total facility beds set up and staffed at the end of the reporting period	Numeric	MN data	2013
year	FY	Categorical	MN data	2013

Source: UMGC, 2019

1. c) Describe the Research Method for Analysis

 

First, describe the research method as general (e.g., this is a quantitative method and then explain this method in about one paragraph. If you have this part in the introduction, you do not need to add it here).Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

Then, explain the statistical method you plan to use for your analysis (Refer to content in week 3 on Biostatistics for information on various statistical methods you can choose from).

Example:

Hypothesis:  AZ hospitals are more likely to have lower readmission rates for PN compared to CA.

Research Method:  To determine whether Arizona hospitals are more likely to have lower readmission rate than California, we will use a t-test, to determine whether differences across hospital types are statistically significant (You can change the test depends on your analysis).

1. d) Describe statistical package 

Add one paragraph for the statistical package, e.g., Excel or RStudio.

5. Results

Discuss your findings considering the following tips:

▪ Why you needed to see the distribution of data before any analysis (e.g., check for outliers, finding the best fit-test; for example, if the data had not a normal distribution, you can’t use the parametric test, etc., so just add 1 or 2 sentences). Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

▪ Did you eliminate outliers? (Please write 1 or 2 sentences, if applicable).

▪ How many observations do you have in your database and how many for selected variables, report % of missing.

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▪ When you are finished with this, go for the next steps:

Present the results of your statistical analysis; include any relevant statistical information (summary tables, including N, mean, std. dev.). Make sure to completely and correctly name all your columns and rows, tables, and variables. For this part you could have at least 1-2 tables and 1-2 figures (depending on your variables bar-chart, pi-chart, or scatter-plot), you can use a table like this:

Table 3. Descriptive analysis to compare % of BL in Medicare beneficiary, MD vs. VA- 2013

Variable	Obs.	Mean	SD	P-value
Per of Lipid in MD	24	83.20	2.32	0.4064
Per of Lipid in VA	124	82.69	4.41

Source: UMGC, 2019

 

When you have tables and plots ready, think about your finding and state the statistical conclusion.  That is, do the results present evidence in favor or the null hypothesis or evidence that contradicts the null hypothesis? Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis .

 

6. Conclusion and Discussion

 

Review your research questions or hypothesis.

How has your analysis informed this question or hypothesis?  Present your conclusion(s) from the results (presented above) and discuss the meaning of this conclusion(s) considering the research question or hypothesis presented in your introduction.

At the end of this section, add one or two sentences and discuss the limitations (including biases) associated with this analysis and any other statements you think are important in understanding the results of this analysis.

References

 

Include a reference page listing the bibliographic information for all sources cited in this report. This information should be consistent with the requirements specified in the American Psychological Association (APA) format and style guide. Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis. 

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