Use complete sentences and do not answer in outline form. Paragraphs are nice, and you can include a lot of the desired information requested below in a few paragraphs: Think of some celebrity who die

/in /by

Use complete sentences and do not answer in outline form. Paragraphs are nice, and you can include a lot of the desired information requested below in a few paragraphs:Think of some celebrity who died of an accidental overdose of one or more drugs. Do not deal with a suicide case. Accidental death only. Celebrity: MILLER: Mac Miller (Malcolm James McCormick), rapper, singer, songwriter, 2018After you have done some research on your celebrity, address the questions below. Please use paragraphs. Don’t use bullets or an outline format. Write like you might read it in a book or an article.List the drugs reported to be causal to that person’s overdose and death.Describe any signs and symptoms of serious drug abuse.Describe any risk factors that could have contributed to drug use and abuse (such as family history of drug abuse, dysfunctional family, and so on).Were there any prior criminal charges brought against this individual before his/her death? If so, what were the charges or court recommendations for treatment?If applicable, what was your reaction to hearing of this person’s death? That is, how did you feel about it and what did you think?Do you think that knowledge of this person’s accidental death has had any long-term effects?Find at least one academic journal article (published since the year 2000 or newer) that is related to your celebrity’s death—in general. For example, you may find an journal article revealing that the death of a famous person appears to have no effect in curbing drug-using habits of youth; or a journal article on the toxicity of different combinations of drugs. Be sure you provide enough information so that the reader of your Research Assignment Paper knows you read the whole article, and not merely a summary of it (an Abstract). Cite any strengths or weaknesses you found in the article too please.List reference information using APA style.Review the Paper Grading Rubric  in your RESOURCES section. In addition, before you begin your research paper, read the following short handouts available down at the RESOURCES section of your MODULES page:  (1) Definition of an Academic Journal; (2)  APA Style;  (3)  Things to Remember about Your Research Paper; (4) How to Write a Better Research Paper; and (5) Plagiarism and the 6 Word Rule.  Then check out the model papers.  Finally, begin collecting information about your paper and making an outline/writing.

 
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physical health status – My Blog

/in /by

Student Name Student Number
Unit Code/s & Name/s HLTAAP002 Confirm physical health status

HLTAAP003 Analyse and respond to client health information
Assessment Type Written
Assessment Name Workplace Simulated Activity – Short and long answer questions Assessment Task No. AT1
Assessment Due Date Date submitted
Assessor Name
Student Declaration: I declare that this assessment is my own work. Any ideas and comments made by other people have been acknowledged as references. I understand that if this statement is found to be false, it will be regarded as misconduct and will be subject to disciplinary action as outlined in the TAFE Queensland Student Rules. I understand that by emailing or submitting this assessment electronically, I agree to this Declaration in lieu of a written signature.
Student Signature Date
PRIVACY DISCLAIMER: TAFE Queensland is collecting your personal information for assessment purposes. The information will only be accessed by authorised employees of TAFE Queensland. Some of this information may be given to the Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA) or its successor and/or TAFE Queensland for audit and/or reporting purposes. Your information will not be given to any other person or agency unless you have given us written permission or we are required by law.
Instructions to Student

You must complete this assessment task by the due date provided or you may receive an unsatisfactory (U) result.

If you are unable to meet a scheduled assessment due date, you must notify your teacher at least 48 hours prior to the due date to request an extension. All requests for extensions must be in writing on a request for extension form. Extensions are granted in exceptional circumstances only and must be supported by appropriate documentary evidence.

Academic and research misconduct

AssignmentTutorOnline

APA 7th edition style in-text referencing must be used throughout and a reference list submitted with the assessment.

Students must use their own words to answer the questions.

Assessments that use, reproduce or adapt the work or ideas of another person without due acknowledgment will be graded as unsatisfactory and considered academic misconduct. For more information, refer to the Student Rules.
Submission details

Insert your details on page 1 and sign the Student Declaration. Include this template with your submission.

Your due date for this assessment can be found in the unit study guide.

Method of submission

Assessment to be submitted via

TAFE Queensland Learning Management System: Connect url: https://connect.tafeqld.edu.au/d2l/login

Username; 9 digit student number

For Password: Reset password go to https://passwordreset.tafeqld.edu.au/default.aspx
Instructions for the Assessor The student must demonstrate key skills and knowledge identified in the marking criteria for this assessment task.
Note to Student An overview of all Assessment Tasks relevant to this unit is located in the Unit Study Guide.
Scenario 1

Mrs Chan is found lying at the bottom of her stairs by her daughter at 09:00 on 14/06/2016. Mrs Chan is dressed in a nightgown; the last thing she remembers is rushing to the toilet at about 10pm. She has no memory of falling, she recalls “waking up” on the floor feeling cold because she was incontinent and her night gown was wet. She was unable to get up due to a penetrating wound to her left leg from falling on a glass coffee table that has broken and become embedded in her upper thigh. She also has pain in her hip and pelvis. Her right leg is shorter than the left and it is internally rotated.

Mrs Chan’s past medical history includes:

Urinary incontinence

Osteoporosis

Compression fractures to her spine due osteoporosis

Chronic pain

 

Regular medications:

Fosamax

Vitamin D

Calcium

Fentanyl patch

PRN endone

Describe the initial assessment of Mrs Chan, including the following points in your answer:

Describe the process of completing a primary survey on Mrs Chan

Primary Survey (General description of each component of a primary survey)

Primary survey on Mrs Chan: Enter in relevant details from Mrs Chan’s scenario & Q-ADDs chart where relevant.

*referencing IS required for this question

List the specific assessments that would assist you to evaluate her penetrating injury.

Identify how you would assess a penetrating injury site: List as many assessments as possible (provide at least 3)

–

–

–

–

–

–

*referencing IS required for this question

 

 

Review the vital signs chart (attached pdf) and evaluate the following aspects:

Download the document “ADDs chart for AAP002 & AAP003 assessment”

List each of the vital signs recorded at 06:30 in the table below:

List the vital sign
Respiratory Rate
O2 Saturation
O2 Flow Rate
Systolic BP
Heart Rate
Temperature
Consciousness

*referencing is NOT required for this question

Complete the Q-ADDS score for each vital sign recorded at 06:30 in the table below, then total the ADDS score.

ADDS Score

Respiratory Rate

O2 Saturation

O2 Flow Rate

Systolic BP

Heart Rate

Temperature

Consciousness

Total Q-ADDS

*referencing is NOT required for this question

List the abnormal signs and then describe the abnormality using correct terminology.

Identify which vital sign is abnormai in the first table in question 2a) In your own words, describe this abnormality. Provide numeric parameters that indicate an abnormal change in the vital sign. (in 1-2 sentences) What is the correct medical terminology for this altered vital sign? (1 word)
 

 
 

 

*referencing IS required for this question

 

 

 

Scenario – Further Information

Mrs Chan is seen by the doctor, who documents her assessment as follows:

82 year old lady with confusion and hyperthermia.

Air entry R=L no adventitious sounds.

Large laceration to her right thigh, glass remains imbedded in the wound.

Right leg has obvious bone deformity – requires further investigation to evaluate possible fractures.

A chest, abdominal, pelvis and hip X-ray are to be completed. Intravenous normal saline 1L is prescribed to run over 4 hours.

Note the ‘Actions Required’ section of the ADDS chart and explain who should accompany Mrs Chan when she leaves the ward to go to the X-ray department. You would need to ensure that you confirm this with the RN.

INSTRUCTIONS:

Refer to the document “ADDs chart for AAP002 & AAP003 assessment”

Refer to the table titled “Actions Required for Tertiary and Secondary Facilities”

Consider Mrs Chan’s scenario

Consider her total Q-ADDs from question 2a)

Answer the following questions:

 

Given Mrs Chan’s Q-ADDs score and clinical status, who is the most appropriate person to escort her down to the X-ray department? (Identify 1 team member only)

Explain why you think this team member should accompany this patient to the X-ray department. Review the scenario and Q-ADDs chart, and provide rationales (based on medical reasons or abnormal vital signs):

 

…

 

….

 

…

*referencing is NOT required for this question

 

 

Mrs Chan has been prescribed an IV solution of normal saline, which contains sodium chloride and water.

Explain the following concepts related to body fluid compartments and intravenous fluids:

Define the terms solute and solvent and how it relates to the prescribed solution

Question

 Answer

In your own words: define the term ‘solute’

 

In your own words: Define the term ‘solvent’

  

 

Consider the solution that Mrs Chan is prescribed. Which component of the prescribed solution is considered the solute?

Consider the solution that Mrs Chan is prescribed. Which component of the prescribed solution is considered the solvent?

*referencing IS required for this question

In your own words, explain what osmosis is and how it works in the three fluid compartments of the body

Question Answer
Identify and define the three fluid compartments in the body. (1 sentence per definition is sufficient)

Compartment 1:

Definition:

Compartment 1:

Definition:

Compartment 1:

Definition:
Discuss osmosis IN THE BODY.

 

(You must mention the fluid compartments in your explanation of osmosis)

*referencing IS required for this question

Why is Mrs Chan’s IV fluid an isotonic solution?

Question Answer
What is an isotonic solution?  
Explain the rationale (benefits) for administration of an isotonic solution. (Explain if isotonic solutions cause fluid shifts between compartmetns).  

 

*referencing IS required for this question

Why this solution is used to treat dehydration?

Question Answer
*Include in your answer

– Which fluid compartment(s) does normal saline rehydrate first?

– Would administration of normal saline alter intracellular volume of red blood cells? Explain your answer.

  

*referencing IS required for this question

Correctly match the terms listed below to either Active or Passive transport:

No energy required ☐

Osmosis☐

Endocytosis☐

Requires energy☐

Diffusion☐

Sodium-potassium pump☐

Active Transport Passive transport

*referencing is NOT required for this question

 

Describe the difference between hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure (also known as oncotic pressure) in relation to transport of fluids across a capillary membrane.

Question

Answer

In your own words: define hydrostatic pressure

*In your answer ensure you discuss

What causes the fluid to move across the capillary membrane

The direction that fluid moves across the capillary membrane i.e. what compartment does it move into?

In your own words: define colloid osmotic pressure (oncotic pressure)

*In your answer ensure you discuss

What causes the fluid to move across the capillary membrane

The direction that fluid moves across the capillary membrane i.e. what compartment does it move into?

*referencing IS required for this question

References

*insert your reference list here

Use APA 7th ed format

https://library.tafeqld.edu.au/referencing

 

 
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undertaking risk management – My Blog

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iew organisational processes, procedures and requirements for undertaking risk management in accordance with current risk management standards
1.2 Determine scope for risk management process
1.3 Identify internal and external stakeholders and their issues
1.4 Review political, economic, social, legal, technological and policy context 
1.5 Review strengths and weaknesses of existing arrangements
1.6 Document critical success factors, goals or objectives for area included in scope
1.7 Obtain support for risk management activities
1.8 Communicate with relevant parties about the risk management process and invite participation
2.1 Invite relevant parties to assist in the identification of risks
2.2 Research risks that may apply to scope
2.3 Use tools and techniques to generate a list of risks that apply to the scope, in consultation with relevant parties
3.1 Assess likelihood of risks occurring
3.2 Assess impact or consequence if risks occur
3.3 Evaluate and prioritise risks for treatment
4.1 Determine and select most appropriate options for treating risks
4.2 Develop an action plan for implementing risk treatment
4.3 Communicate risk management processes to relevant parties
4.4 Ensure all documentation is in order and appropriately stored
4.5 Implement and monitor action plan
4.6 Evaluate risk management process

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 delta-neutral strategy, delta-neutral strategy – My Blog

/in /by

Identify an option (in any market in the world) that you believe is mispriced. Explain, illustrate and justify clearly why you think the instrument is mispriced. 

AssignmentTutorOnline

Develop an arbitrage, delta-neutral strategy that will make money from the mispriced derivative. Specifically, detail the minimum costs of undertaking this strategy and pursuing it. You can use as much money as you like. Given that the strategy is theoretically risk free, you should not lose any money anyway! 

Every week you are responsible for adjusting your delta-neutral portfolio. Make a record of all transactions and profit / loss of the strategy. You are required to show evidence of at least two adjustments (even if it was advantageous to close-out early – you can discuss this in your report). Write a report detailing all your transactions and the rationale behind them. 

 

Part B 

Retrospectively, it is possible to determine if your belief in the option you thought was mispriced in Part A was correct or not. Once you have completed Part A (requiring at least holding the position for 3 weeks – one week you form the portfolio and 2 subsequent weekly delta re-balances) go back and using historical data determine if the option was truly mispriced and whether you took the correct positions to benefit from the mispricing. Discuss your methodology for examining if the option was mispriced in your report and your interpretation of the results in this new light. 

REPORT WRITING The report must document a list of transactions and dates they were executed. The document must then discuss everything from the process including such items as: 

·         Transaction costs used for all transactions, with evidence that it is a realistic figure.

·         How the mispriced options were identified.

·         How risk neutral portfolios were formed and why.

·         When would have been the best times to close out positions.

·         Explanations and reasons for the performances.

·         Performance analysis and discussions of how things could have been improved. 

 

 

The above 6 items will form the crux of what you will be assessed on, along with presentation and concise writing skills. Your report length can be a MAXIMUM of 12 pages (Size 12 font, single spacing), including all discussion, graphs, tables and references.

,

Identify an option (in any market in the world) that you believe is mispriced. Explain, illustrate and justify clearly why you think the instrument is mispriced. 

AssignmentTutorOnline

Develop an arbitrage, delta-neutral strategy that will make money from the mispriced derivative. Specifically, detail the minimum costs of undertaking this strategy and pursuing it. You can use as much money as you like. Given that the strategy is theoretically risk free, you should not lose any money anyway! 

Every week you are responsible for adjusting your delta-neutral portfolio. Make a record of all transactions and profit / loss of the strategy. You are required to show evidence of at least two adjustments (even if it was advantageous to close-out early – you can discuss this in your report). Write a report detailing all your transactions and the rationale behind them. 

 

Part B 

Retrospectively, it is possible to determine if your belief in the option you thought was mispriced in Part A was correct or not. Once you have completed Part A (requiring at least holding the position for 3 weeks – one week you form the portfolio and 2 subsequent weekly delta re-balances) go back and using historical data determine if the option was truly mispriced and whether you took the correct positions to benefit from the mispricing. Discuss your methodology for examining if the option was mispriced in your report and your interpretation of the results in this new light. 

REPORT WRITING The report must document a list of transactions and dates they were executed. The document must then discuss everything from the process including such items as: 

·         Transaction costs used for all transactions, with evidence that it is a realistic figure.

·         How the mispriced options were identified.

·         How risk neutral portfolios were formed and why.

·         When would have been the best times to close out positions.

·         Explanations and reasons for the performances.

·         Performance analysis and discussions of how things could have been improved. 

 

 

The above 6 items will form the crux of what you will be assessed on, along with presentation and concise writing skills. Your report length can be a MAXIMUM of 12 pages (Size 12 font, single spacing), including all discussion, graphs, tables and references.

 
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shareholders and directors,shareholders and directors

/in /by

Hodari, Karim, Borris and Matilda are the shareholders and directors of Q Ltd, the parent company of wholly owned subsidiaries W Ltd, R Ltd and X Ltd. Q Ltd has divided its business into three between the subsidiaries specifically to minimise its liability for tax and tortious actions. W Ltd buys and mixes chemicals for the paint industry, R Ltd transports the chemicals and X Ltd markets the mixed chemicals. All the profits of the subsidiaries flow back to Q Ltd. An accident occurs while R Ltd is transporting hazardous chemicals along the highway. Ten people are badly burned and noxious fumes are released into the air near a town. Additionally, chemicals leak into a major river contaminating the water downstream for hundreds of miles. The projected damages and fines payable by R Ltd come to millions of shillings. R Ltd is capitalised only to the extent it needed to transport chemicals in the two trucks it owns. It has some liability insurance but only to the amount of Kshs. 1 million. After a few months R Ltd is in insolvent liquidation. In the meantime, Q Ltd has set up another wholly owned subsidiary to carry out the group’s transport needs. With the aid of case law discuss whether the parent company and/or its members could be liable for the actions of R Ltd. When you have done that critically evaluate the legal outcome.

AssignmentTutorOnline ,

Hodari, Karim, Borris and Matilda are the shareholders and directors of Q Ltd, the parent company of wholly owned subsidiaries W Ltd, R Ltd and X Ltd. Q Ltd has divided its business into three between the subsidiaries specifically to minimise its liability for tax and tortious actions. W Ltd buys and mixes chemicals for the paint industry, R Ltd transports the chemicals and X Ltd markets the mixed chemicals. All the profits of the subsidiaries flow back to Q Ltd. An accident occurs while R Ltd is transporting hazardous chemicals along the highway. Ten people are badly burned and noxious fumes are released into the air near a town. Additionally, chemicals leak into a major river contaminating the water downstream for hundreds of miles. The projected damages and fines payable by R Ltd come to millions of shillings. R Ltd is capitalised only to the extent it needed to transport chemicals in the two trucks it owns. It has some liability insurance but only to the amount of Kshs. 1 million. After a few months R Ltd is in insolvent liquidation. In the meantime, Q Ltd has set up another wholly owned subsidiary to carry out the group’s transport needs. With the aid of case law discuss whether the parent company and/or its members could be liable for the actions of R Ltd. When you have done that critically evaluate the legal outcome.

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client health – My Blog

/in /by

Student Name Student Number
Unit Code/s & Name/s HLTAAP002 Confirm physical health status

HLTAAP003 Analyse and respond to client health information
Assessment Type Written
Assessment Name Workplace Simulated Activity – Short and long answer questions Assessment Task No. AT1
Assessment Due Date Date submitted
Assessor Name
Student Declaration: I declare that this assessment is my own work. Any ideas and comments made by other people have been acknowledged as references. I understand that if this statement is found to be false, it will be regarded as misconduct and will be subject to disciplinary action as outlined in the TAFE Queensland Student Rules. I understand that by emailing or submitting this assessment electronically, I agree to this Declaration in lieu of a written signature.
Student Signature Date
PRIVACY DISCLAIMER: TAFE Queensland is collecting your personal information for assessment purposes. The information will only be accessed by authorised employees of TAFE Queensland. Some of this information may be given to the Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA) or its successor and/or TAFE Queensland for audit and/or reporting purposes. Your information will not be given to any other person or agency unless you have given us written permission or we are required by law.
Instructions to Student

You must complete this assessment task by the due date provided or you may receive an unsatisfactory (U) result.

If you are unable to meet a scheduled assessment due date, you must notify your teacher at least 48 hours prior to the due date to request an extension. All requests for extensions must be in writing on a request for extension form. Extensions are granted in exceptional circumstances only and must be supported by appropriate documentary evidence.

Academic and research misconduct

AssignmentTutorOnline

APA 7th edition style in-text referencing must be used throughout and a reference list submitted with the assessment.

Students must use their own words to answer the questions.

Assessments that use, reproduce or adapt the work or ideas of another person without due acknowledgment will be graded as unsatisfactory and considered academic misconduct. For more information, refer to the Student Rules.
Submission details

Insert your details on page 1 and sign the Student Declaration. Include this template with your submission.

Your due date for this assessment can be found in the unit study guide.

Method of submission

Assessment to be submitted via

TAFE Queensland Learning Management System: Connect url: https://connect.tafeqld.edu.au/d2l/login

Username; 9 digit student number

For Password: Reset password go to https://passwordreset.tafeqld.edu.au/default.aspx
Instructions for the Assessor The student must demonstrate key skills and knowledge identified in the marking criteria for this assessment task.
Note to Student An overview of all Assessment Tasks relevant to this unit is located in the Unit Study Guide.
Scenario 1

Mrs Chan is found lying at the bottom of her stairs by her daughter at 09:00 on 14/06/2016. Mrs Chan is dressed in a nightgown; the last thing she remembers is rushing to the toilet at about 10pm. She has no memory of falling, she recalls “waking up” on the floor feeling cold because she was incontinent and her night gown was wet. She was unable to get up due to a penetrating wound to her left leg from falling on a glass coffee table that has broken and become embedded in her upper thigh. She also has pain in her hip and pelvis. Her right leg is shorter than the left and it is internally rotated.

Mrs Chan’s past medical history includes:

Urinary incontinence

Osteoporosis

Compression fractures to her spine due osteoporosis

Chronic pain

 

Regular medications:

Fosamax

Vitamin D

Calcium

Fentanyl patch

PRN endone

Describe the initial assessment of Mrs Chan, including the following points in your answer:

Describe the process of completing a primary survey on Mrs Chan

Primary Survey (General description of each component of a primary survey)

Primary survey on Mrs Chan: Enter in relevant details from Mrs Chan’s scenario & Q-ADDs chart where relevant.

*referencing IS required for this question

List the specific assessments that would assist you to evaluate her penetrating injury.

Identify how you would assess a penetrating injury site: List as many assessments as possible (provide at least 3)

–

–

–

–

–

–

*referencing IS required for this question

 

 

Review the vital signs chart (attached pdf) and evaluate the following aspects:

Download the document “ADDs chart for AAP002 & AAP003 assessment”

List each of the vital signs recorded at 06:30 in the table below:

List the vital sign
Respiratory Rate
O2 Saturation
O2 Flow Rate
Systolic BP
Heart Rate
Temperature
Consciousness

*referencing is NOT required for this question

Complete the Q-ADDS score for each vital sign recorded at 06:30 in the table below, then total the ADDS score.

ADDS Score

Respiratory Rate

O2 Saturation

O2 Flow Rate

Systolic BP

Heart Rate

Temperature

Consciousness

Total Q-ADDS

*referencing is NOT required for this question

List the abnormal signs and then describe the abnormality using correct terminology.

Identify which vital sign is abnormai in the first table in question 2a) In your own words, describe this abnormality. Provide numeric parameters that indicate an abnormal change in the vital sign. (in 1-2 sentences) What is the correct medical terminology for this altered vital sign? (1 word)
 

 
 

 

*referencing IS required for this question

 

 

 

Scenario – Further Information

Mrs Chan is seen by the doctor, who documents her assessment as follows:

82 year old lady with confusion and hyperthermia.

Air entry R=L no adventitious sounds.

Large laceration to her right thigh, glass remains imbedded in the wound.

Right leg has obvious bone deformity – requires further investigation to evaluate possible fractures.

A chest, abdominal, pelvis and hip X-ray are to be completed. Intravenous normal saline 1L is prescribed to run over 4 hours.

Note the ‘Actions Required’ section of the ADDS chart and explain who should accompany Mrs Chan when she leaves the ward to go to the X-ray department. You would need to ensure that you confirm this with the RN.

INSTRUCTIONS:

Refer to the document “ADDs chart for AAP002 & AAP003 assessment”

Refer to the table titled “Actions Required for Tertiary and Secondary Facilities”

Consider Mrs Chan’s scenario

Consider her total Q-ADDs from question 2a)

Answer the following questions:

 

Given Mrs Chan’s Q-ADDs score and clinical status, who is the most appropriate person to escort her down to the X-ray department? (Identify 1 team member only)

Explain why you think this team member should accompany this patient to the X-ray department. Review the scenario and Q-ADDs chart, and provide rationales (based on medical reasons or abnormal vital signs):

 

…

 

….

 

…

*referencing is NOT required for this question

 

 

Mrs Chan has been prescribed an IV solution of normal saline, which contains sodium chloride and water.

Explain the following concepts related to body fluid compartments and intravenous fluids:

Define the terms solute and solvent and how it relates to the prescribed solution

Question

 Answer

In your own words: define the term ‘solute’

 

In your own words: Define the term ‘solvent’

  

 

Consider the solution that Mrs Chan is prescribed. Which component of the prescribed solution is considered the solute?

Consider the solution that Mrs Chan is prescribed. Which component of the prescribed solution is considered the solvent?

*referencing IS required for this question

In your own words, explain what osmosis is and how it works in the three fluid compartments of the body

Question Answer
Identify and define the three fluid compartments in the body. (1 sentence per definition is sufficient)

Compartment 1:

Definition:

Compartment 1:

Definition:

Compartment 1:

Definition:
Discuss osmosis IN THE BODY.

 

(You must mention the fluid compartments in your explanation of osmosis)

*referencing IS required for this question

Why is Mrs Chan’s IV fluid an isotonic solution?

Question Answer
What is an isotonic solution?  
Explain the rationale (benefits) for administration of an isotonic solution. (Explain if isotonic solutions cause fluid shifts between compartmetns).  

 

*referencing IS required for this question

Why this solution is used to treat dehydration?

Question Answer
*Include in your answer

– Which fluid compartment(s) does normal saline rehydrate first?

– Would administration of normal saline alter intracellular volume of red blood cells? Explain your answer.

  

*referencing IS required for this question

Correctly match the terms listed below to either Active or Passive transport:

No energy required ☐

Osmosis☐

Endocytosis☐

Requires energy☐

Diffusion☐

Sodium-potassium pump☐

Active Transport Passive transport

*referencing is NOT required for this question

 

Describe the difference between hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure (also known as oncotic pressure) in relation to transport of fluids across a capillary membrane.

Question

Answer

In your own words: define hydrostatic pressure

*In your answer ensure you discuss

What causes the fluid to move across the capillary membrane

The direction that fluid moves across the capillary membrane i.e. what compartment does it move into?

In your own words: define colloid osmotic pressure (oncotic pressure)

*In your answer ensure you discuss

What causes the fluid to move across the capillary membrane

The direction that fluid moves across the capillary membrane i.e. what compartment does it move into?

*referencing IS required for this question

References

*insert your reference list here

Use APA 7th ed format

https://library.tafeqld.edu.au/referencing

 

 
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BCHM 482 Proteomics and Metabolomics : Integrative Analysis

/in /by

BCHM 482 Proteomics and Metabolomics

Task :

Paper #1: Plasma proteomic analysis reveals altered protein abundances in cardiovascular disease

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) describes the pathological conditions of the heart and blood vessels. Despite the large number of studies on CVD and its aetiology, its key modulators remain largely unknown. To this end, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of blood plasma, with the scope to identify disease-associated changes after placing them in the context of existing knowledge, and generate a well characterised dataset for further use in CVD multi-omics integrative analysis.

Methods

LC–MS/MS was employed to analyse plasma from 32 subjects (19 cases of various CVD phenotypes and 13 controls) in two steps: discovery (13 cases and 8 controls) and test (6 cases and 5 controls) set analysis. Following label-free quantification, the detected proteins were correlated to existing plasma proteomics datasets (plasma proteome database; PPD) and functionally annotated (Cytoscape, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis). Differential expression was defined based on identification confidence (≥ 2 peptides per protein), statistical significance (Mann–Whitney p value ≤ 0.05) and a minimum of twofold change.

Results

Peptides detected in at least 50% of samples per group were considered, resulting in a total of 3796 identified proteins (838 proteins based on ≥ 2 peptides). Pathway annotation confirmed the functional relevance of the findings (representation of complement cascade, fibrin clot formation, platelet degranulation, etc.). Correlation of the relative abundance of the proteins identified in the discovery set with their reported concentrations in the PPD was significant, confirming the validity of the quantification method. The discovery set analysis revealed 100 differentially expressed proteins between cases and controls, 39 of which were verified (≥ twofold change) in the test set. These included proteins already studied in the context of CVD (such as apolipoprotein B, alpha-2-macroglobulin), as well as novel findings (such as low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 2 [LRP2], protein SZT2) for which a mechanism of action is suggested.

Conclusions

This proteomic study provides a comprehensive dataset to be used for integrative and functional studies in the field. The observed protein changes reflect known CVD-related processes (e.g. lipid uptake, inflammation) but also novel hypotheses for further investigation including a potential pleiotropic role of LPR2 but also links of SZT2 to CVD.

Paper #2: Association of Circulating Metabolites With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in a European Population

Task:

Importance:

Risk stratification for coronary heart disease (CHD) remains challenging because of the complex causative mechanism of the disease. Metabolomic profiling offers the potential to detect new biomarkers and improve CHD risk assessment.

Objective:  

To evaluate the association between circulating metabolites and incident CHD in a large European cohort.

Design, Setting, and Participants:  

This population-based study used the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) case-cohort to measure circulating metabolites using a targeted approach in serum samples from 10 741 individuals without prevalent CHD. The cohort consisted of a weighted, random subcohort of the original cohort of more than 70 000 individuals. The case-cohort design was applied to 6 European cohorts: FINRISK97 (Finland), Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases/Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (MONICA/KORA; Germany), MONICA-Brianza and Moli-sani (Italy), DanMONICA (Denmark), and the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (United Kingdom).

Main Outcomes and Measures:  

Associations with time to CHD onset were assessed individually by applying weighted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. The association of metabolites with CHD onset was examined by C indices.

Conclusions and Relevance:

Five PCs were significantly associated with increased risk of incident CHD and showed comparable discrimination with individual classic risk factors. Although these metabolites do not improve CHD risk assessment beyond that of classic risk factors, these findings hold promise for an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of CHD.

Paper #3: Large-scale Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Early Stage Coronary Atherosclerosis

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-12254-1 

Abstract:

Coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) is the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease, which is a prevalent and chronic life-threatening disease. Initially, this disease is not always detected until a patient presents with seriously vascular occlusion. Therefore, new biomarkers for appropriate and timely diagnosis of early CAS are needed for screening to initiate therapy on time. In this study, we used an untargeted metabolomics approach to identify potential biomarkers that could enable highly sensitive and specific CAS detection. Score plots from partial least-squares discriminant analysis clearly separated early-stage CAS patients from controls. Meanwhile, the levels of 24 metabolites increased greatly and those of 18 metabolites decreased markedly in early CAS patients compared with the controls, which suggested significant metabolic dysfunction in phospholipid, sphingolipid, and fatty acid metabolism in the patients. Furthermore, binary logistic regression showed that nine metabolites could be used as a combinatorial biomarker to distinguish early-stage CAS patients from controls. The panel of nine metabolites was then tested with an independent cohort of samples, which also yielded satisfactory diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.890). In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the pathological mechanism of early-stage CAS and also supply a combinatorial biomarker to aid clinical diagnosis of early-stage CAS.

Group Contract/Tasks for Presentation Slides:

Maria: summarise paper 1, intro

Tia: summarise paper 2, conclusion

Gabrielle: summarise paper 3, application

Rajesh: Compare and contrast the papers, identify gaps

 
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SCI 115 Introduction to Biology: Fundamentals Of Human Nutrition

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Assignment Overview

For this assignment, you will answer questions about a client named Mr. Smith. You will analyze the dietary needs and risks for patients who are at risk for heart disease. Using your textbook and the internet you will identify the best recommendations, risks, and needs of a patient in Mr. Smith’s condition, based on the questions asked. You are required to include citations of your references.

This assignment is intended to explore differences between macronutrient and micronutrient concepts and describe their physiological functioning. Additionally, you will apply human nutritional theories and relevant research to formulate nutritional assessments and describe nutritional requirements corresponding to stages in the life span. You will also examine how effective nutritional counseling is contingent upon collaboration, organization, and concurrence among the members of the health care team.

Case Study:

Mr. Andrew Smith is a 50-year-old male, 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 265 lbs. He has gained 30 pounds in the past year. He has been diagnosed with heart disease. Testing revealed his total cholesterol is 225 mg/dL, and blood pressure is 150/95. Mr. Smith eats a diet that is high in saturated and trans fats. He also complains of shortness of breath when climbing stairs. Mr. Smith meets with his physician and is started on atorvastatin. Mr. Smith is concerned because he has never taken anything besides over-the-counter medicines before. He would like to explore dietary interventions to improve his heart health.

Perform the following tasks:

  • Complete the reading assignment before attempting this assignment.
  • Please review your reading for this week as well as the Case Study located in Week 9 of your online course.
  • Use your text and the internet to respond (in approximately 250 words) to the following (provide your responses in the Assignment Worksheet section on page 2):

Based on what you learned about Mr. Smith in your interview, briefly explain his modifiable risk factors for heart disease.

Based on your client’s height and weight, what is his current body mass index? Based on his current BMI, how many pounds should your client lose to achieve a healthy weight?

Discuss the recommendations that you would make for Mr. Smith’s fat intake (in grams) What foods should be limited to restrict saturated and trans fat intake (list 5)?

Discuss heart healthy fats. What foods should be included to increase your clients intake of heart healthy fats? (list 5)?

Briefly discuss three nutritional interventions that you would suggest to your client to improve his heart health.

Refer to the Writing Conventions in the Written Assignment Rubric for detailed grading information.

Grading:

Gradable items in assignment

Explained risk factors for heart disease.

Discussion of clients Body Mass Index

Discussion of saturated and trans fats

Discussion of heart healthy fats

Three dietary interventions for heart disease

Adhere to the Writing Conventions in the Written Assignment Rubric

Respond to the following (in approximately 250 words) in the spaces provided:

  • Based on what you learned about Mr. Smith in your interview, briefly explain his modifiable risk factors for heart disease.
  • Based on your client’s height and weight, what is your clients body mass index (BMI)? Based on his current BMI, how many pounds should your client lose to achieve a healthy weight?
  • Discuss the recommendations that you would make for Mr. Smith’s fat intake (in grams) What foods should be limited to restrict saturated and trans fat intake (list 5)?
  • Discuss heart healthy fats. What foods should be included to increase your clients intake of heart healthy fats?
  • Briefly discuss three nutritional interventions that you would suggest to your client to improve his heart health.
 
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7017BMS Research Project- Economic And Societal Impacts

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7017BMS Research Project

Task

Section 1: Key information 

Outline

Production of a project proposal to enable students to undertake a substantial study in semester 2. The proposal will include an evaluation of relevant literature, ethics and a relevant COSHH/ risk assessment of the proposed laboratory or non-laboratory based study.

Section 2- Detail of the Assessment task

You will formally write up your research project. The research project report should include the following sections:

Graphical abstract (not included in the word count)

A single image should be included that is designed to give the reader an immediate understanding of the message of your independent research project.

The graphical abstract should include the following:

  • A clear start and end, “reading” from top to bottom or left to right.
  • Provide a visual indication of the biological context of the results.
  • Be unique and not repeated from images you have provided in your results section.
  • Emphasize the new findings from your research project.
  • Do remember to label your diagram.

Impact statement (500 words)

Should summarise in non-technical terms how the expertise, knowledge, analysis, discovery, or insight presented in your thesis could be used. Looking at the economic and societal impacts try to address:

Who might benefit from the research?
How might they benefit from this research?

Information on how to write an impact statement visit https://www.fasttrackimpact.com/

Introduction (2500 words)

Provide your reader with background information that puts the project into context and allows readers outside the field to understand the purpose and significance of the study. You should include a critical review of the relevant literature from peer reviewed journal papers and should include appropriate referencing. You should define the problem addressed, state why it is important and note any relevant controversies or disagreements in the field. In this section include your hypothesis, aims and objectives should be clear.

Methods (2000 words)

This section should provide enough detail to allow suitably skilled investigators to fully replicate your study and should cite original articles where the protocols are described, It should be presented in a research paper format and should include the following:

  • Detailed information on how raw data was processed, including a detailed description of all statistical tests undertaken.
  • Specify the equipment used and model as well as any software or chemical used.
  • Details of specific methods that someone else can follow.
  • For non-laboratory based projects, include specific details of the tye of study you will undertake e.g. Meta analysis, systematic review, bioinformatics analysis etc.

Results (3000 words)

To be presented in research paper format, with a critical use of the data using the appropriate statistical methods to describe the results of the experiments. Figures and tables should be correctly labelled, presented with informative figure legends and be clearly referenced in the main body of the text. Only present analysed/ processed data i.e. raw data/ unprocessed is not to be included.

Discussion (4000 words)

Should include a detailed interpretation of the results and the conclusions that can be drawn from the research. You should state if your aims/ objectives were met and explain how the results relate to your aims/ objectives were met. Relate and discuss what is know in the literature compared to your research results. Include any future work and limitations.

Section 3: Help and Support

If you don’t understand any of the information above then please contact your project supervisor in the first instance. You can contact them via email, at the end of lectures or when you meet with them as part of your regular project meetings.

If you have a special requirement such as a variation of assessment need please contact the disabilities team. 

Section 4: Learning Outcomes and Marking

Mapping to module Learning outcomes    

The intended learning outcomes are that on completion of this module the student should be able to:

1. Demonstrate compliance with ethical, legal and safety requirements associated with research within their profession

2. Evidence independent research investigation, including maintenance of detailed experimental records

3. Demonstrate problem solving skills by reflecting on experimental problems and proposing solutions

4. Record, analyse and report experimental data in clear, concise and understandable formats

5. Critically evaluate experimental findings with reference to published literature and draw appropriate conclusions.

 
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PY0791 Historical Psychology and Qualitative Research Methods: Empirical Evidenc

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70-100 Distinction

60-69 Commendation

50-59 Pass

40-49 Marginal Fail

0-39 Clear Fail

Excellent coverage of all aspects of question

Commendable coverage of almost all aspects of question

Satisfactory coverage of most aspects of question

Fails to address some major aspects of the question

Fails to address many major aspects of the question

Evidence of extensive independent reading, in addition to guided readings

Evidence of independent reading, in addition to guided readings

Reliance on guided readings

Limited coverage of relevant material

Poor coverage of relevant material

Shows an excellent sense of the timeline and significance of work produced during this period

Shows a good sense of the timeline and significance of work produced during this period

Shows a reasonable sense of the timeline and significance of work produced during this period

Shows a limited sense of the timeline and significance of work produced during this period

Shows little or no sense of the timeline and significance of work produced during this period

All the material is directly relevant for topic and audience

Nearly all of the material is directly relevant for topic and audience

Almost all the material is relevant for topic and audience

Some of the material is not relevant for topic and audience

Much of the material is not relevant for topic and audience

All points are expressed clearly, grammatically and eloquently

Nearly all points are expressed clearly and grammatically

Most points are expressed clearly and grammatically

There are lapses in clarity and grammar

The meaning is difficult to follow

Excellent  attempt to write / present for academic audience

Good  attempt to write / present for academic audience

Some  attempt to write / present for academic  audience

Limited attempt to write / present for academic audience

No attempt to write / present for academic audience

All material is well organised and the argument is really well structured

Nearly all of the material is wll organised and the argument shows good structure

Some of the material is not  well organised and the argument is reasonably structured

Much of the material is not well organised and the argument is not well structured

The organisation of the material is poor and  the argument is poorly structured

Shows excellent appreciation of the strengths and weaknesses of theories, methodologies and empirical evidence

Shows good appreciation of the strengths and weaknesses of theories, methodologies and empirical evidence

Shows some appreciation of the strengths and weaknesses of theories, methodologies and empirical evidence

There are a number of lapses in meaningful evaluation

There is an absence of meaningful evaluation

Shows outstandingly original contribution, presenting own interpretations, integration of materials and/or integration of materials

Shows original contribution,  presenting own interpretations , integration of materials and/or integration of materials

Shows some original contribution, presenting own interpretations and/or integration of materials

Shows little original contribution and integration of materials

There is an absence of original contribution

All the material is accurate

Nearly all of the material is accurate

There are some minor factual errors

There are a number of factual errors

There are many major factual errors

 
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